Hospital-based surveillance of meningococcal meningitis in Salvador, Brazil |
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Authors: | Cordeiro Soraia M Neves Alan B Ribeiro Cássio T Petersen Maya L Gouveia Edilane L Ribeiro Guilherme S Lôbo Tatiana S Reis Joice N Salgado Kátia M Reis Mitermayer G Ko Albert I |
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Affiliation: | Gon?alo Moniz Research Center, Oswaldo Cruz Foundation, Brazilian Ministry of Health, Rua Waldemar Falc?o 121, Salvador, Bahia 40296-710, Brazil. |
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Abstract: | This study aimed to describe the clinical, epidemiological and microbiological features of meningococcal meningitis in Salvador, Brazil. Between February 1996 and January 2001, a hospital-based surveillance prospectively identified cases of culture-positive meningococcal meningitis. Demographic and clinical data were collected through interview and medical chart review. Antisera and monoclonal antibodies were used to determine the serogroup and serotype:serosubtype of the isolates, respectively. Surveillance identified a total of 408 cases of meningococcal meningitis, with a case fatality rate of 8% (32/397). The mean annual incidence for the 304 culture-positive cases residing in metropolitan Salvador was 1.71 cases per 100,000 population. Infants <1 year old presented the highest incidence (14.7 cases per 100,000 population). Of the 377 serogrouped isolates, 82%, 16%, 2% and 0.3% were serogroups B, C, W135 and Y, respectively. A single serotype:serosubtype (4,7:P1.19,15) accounted for 64% of all cases. Continued surveillance is necessary to characterise strains and to define future prevention and control strategies. |
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Keywords: | Meningococcal disease Meningitis Neisseria meningitidis Serogroup Epidemiology Brazil |
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