老年患者医院感染特点的临床分析

目的了解老年住院患者医院感染发病情况,以便有效预防和控制老年患者医院感染。方法对我院2010年1月～12月老年住院患者中所发生的医院感染病例资料进行回顾性调查分析。结果老年患者发生医院感染573例次,发生率4.30%。老年患者感染部位以呼吸系统为主,占64.23%,其次为泌尿系统,占14.49%。共分离出病原菌233株,病原菌培养阳性率为67.93%。医院感染以革兰阴性菌为主,占53.22%;革兰阳性菌占29.18%;真菌占16.31%。最常见的病原菌依次是金黄色葡萄球菌、大肠埃希菌和肺炎克雷伯菌。最常见的危险因素是泌尿道插管、抗菌药物和糖尿病。结论加强对老年患者医院感染的控制,针对相关的危险因素积极采取预防措施,可预防与控制老年患者医院感染的发生与流行。

THE CLINICAL RESEARCH OF NOSOCOMIAL INFECTION OF SENILE PATIENTS

Objective To investigate the incidence of nosocomial infection of senile hospitalized patients,in order to prevent and control nosocomial infection.Methods A retrospective survey was carried out on senile hospitalized patients during January to December of 2010.Results Nosocomial infection occurred in 573 cases in the period.The nosocomial infection rate of senile hospitalized patients was 4.30%.The infected site is mainly the respiratory apparatus(64.23%),then the urinary system(14.49%).233 strain pathogenic bacteria were found.The positive rate of pathogens cultivation was 67.93%.The main pathogens were Gram-negative bacteria(53.22%),Gram-positive bacteria(29.18%) and fungus infection(16.31%).The primary pathogens included Staphylococcus aureus,Escherichia coli,Klebsiella pnenmoniae.The high risk factors related to nosocomial infection mainly included intra-urethral cannula,antibiotic and diabetes.Conclusion Strengthening the preventive measures against the risk factors of nosocomial infection of senile hospitalized patients can prevent and control the nosocomial infection occur and prevalence.