丝素蛋白作为组织工程材料应用于角膜的研究进展

背景：丝素蛋白纤维材料具有透明性、结构可塑性、成分单一性、力学强韧性及生物相容性等特点。目的：综述国内外丝素蛋白应用于角膜组织工程的研究进展。方法：由第一作者在标题和摘要中以“silkfibroin，corneal，ocular”或“丝素，角膜”为枪索词，榆索1980至2011年PubMed及1990至2011年CNKI数据库中关于丝素蛋白角膜的文章。结果与结论：从天然蚕丝中提取的高分子丝素蛋白，因其良好的生物相容性、独特的力学性能、光学透明性及降解速率可控性，既可以单独应用于角膜组织结构的重建，又可与其他组织材料联合应用，成为角膜组织工程学心用的理想材料。现已证明多种角膜细胞可在丝素纤维膜上良好生长，但体外培养的细胞应用f动物模型的相关研究较少；此外丝素蛋白材料植入角膜内对其产生何种影响的研究数据较缺乏，这些均是亟待解决的问题。

Silk fibroin as a scaffold material for corneal tissue engineering

BACKGROUND： Silk fibroin has the properties of pellucidness, structural plasticity, single component, mechanica strength, toughness and biocompatibility. OBJECTIVE： To review the research progress of silk fibroin as a scaffold material for corneal tissue engineering at home and abroad. METHODS： Databases of PubMed （1980/2011 ） and CNKI （1990/2011） were selected to retrieve the related articles about silk fibroin and cornea with the keywords of ＂silk fibroin, corneal, ocular＂ in English and Chinese, respectively. RESULTS AND CONCLUSION： Owing to the good properties of silk fibroin extracted from nature silk, such as good biocompatibility, special mechanical property, optic transparency and controlled degradation rate, the silk fibroin cannot only be applied in the reconstruction of corneal tissue structure, but also be combined with other tissue materials. The silk fibroin has become an ideal material for corneal tissue engineering. It has been proved that many kinds of corneal cells can grow well on the silk fibroin, and however, there are rare studies about application of cells cultured in vitro in animal models. In addition, there are few data addressing the influence of implantation of silk fibroin into the cornea, which are problems to be solved.