人胚胎期胰腺的形态学研究

本研究收集胎龄5～41周的人胚胎53例,取胰腺,Bouin液固定,按常规制石蜡切片。部分切片经阿利新蓝-焰红、硝酸银-醛复红-铅苏木精等方法染色,部分切片作免疫组织化学PAP反应,观察胰岛A、B和D细胞。取不同胎龄的胰尾组织14例,戊二醛固定,Epon812包埋,透射电镜观察。本文的结果表明,胰腺内分泌部主要是由胰管2级以下分支的管壁上皮细胞,向周围的间充质内增生和分化而成。胎龄12周时,即可在光镜下辨认A、B及D细胞;电镜下观察,胰腺外分泌细胞在胎龄14周以后,才能见到分泌颗粒,证明胰岛细胞的分化早于外分泌细胞。测量16～36周胎儿胰腺内胰岛所占的比例,证明胚胎期胰腺内分泌部所占比例远高于成年人。本实验为临床使用人胎胰岛移植提供了参考资料。

MORPHOLOGICAL STUDY OF THE PANCREAS IN HUMAN FETUS

Pancreas of 53 aborted fetuses ranging from 5 to 41 weeks were fixed in Bouin's fluid and embedded in paraffin, and the sections were stained with Alcian bluephloxine and Grimelius silver technique. The A, B and D cell of islet of Langerhans were demonstrated with immunohistochemical PAP method also. 14 pancreas among them were fixed in 2% glutaraldehyde and embedded in Epon 812, and observed with TEM. Typical A, B and D islet cells were observed with LM at 12 weeks of fetal age. Undifferentiated, differentiated and degenerated cells were distinguished in the pancreatic islets at 14 to 41 weeks of fetal age. The secretory granules of the exoerine cells were observed after 14 weeks of fetal age. The functional differentiation of endocrine cells precede that of exocrine cells. The morphometrical measurement testified that the endocrine portion of fetal pancreas was obviously larger than that of adult. This study provides some morphological data for the pancreas transplantation in clinical medicine.