高原短期暴露人群返回低海拔区后部分生化指标的脱适应改变

目的了解高海拔（3700m）短期暴露人群返回低海拔（海拔1570m）区后脱适应期的心、肝、肾功能。方法对参加高原抗震救灾116天的923名官兵（设为观察组）和未参加救灾的149名官兵（设为对照组）在返回后的第1天和第15天分别采取清晨空腹静脉血，速率法测定血清乳酸脱氢酶（SLDH）、羟丁酸脱氢酶（α-HBDH）、肌酸激酶（CK）、肌酸激酶同功酶、天门冬氨酸氨基转移酶（AST）、肌酐（Crea）和丙氨酸氨基转移酶（AAT）浓度。结果返回低海拔区后第1天检测，观察组α-HBDH、CK、肌酸激酶同功酶显著低于平原对照组水平，有显著性差异（P〈0．05）；返回低海拔区后第15天检测，观察组SLDH、α-HBD、CK、肌酸激酶同功酶、AST和AAT仍显著低于平原对照组水平，有显著性差异（P〈0．05），Crea接近对照组水平，无统计学差异。结论高原短期暴露可引起心肌和肝肾功血清学指标的显著改变，返回平原后有所改善，但存在矫枉过正现象，需高度关注和加强防护，防止高原脱适应症发生。

Changes of Some Biochemical Indexes in Deadaptation of People back to Low Altitude after a Short-term Exposure to High Altitude

Objective To investigate the cardio-function, liver function and kidney function in deadaptation of the people back to low altitude （1570m） after a short-term exposure to high altitude （3700m）. Methods 923 mili- tary men who stayed at high altitude for 116 days in plateau earthquake relief were selected to be the observation group and 149 military men who didn＇t go for the plateau earthquake relief were selected to be the control group; on the 1st and the 15th day when the military men in observation group returned to low altitude, the fasting venous blood of the military men in both groups were collected, their serum lactic dehydrogenase （SLDH）, hydroxybutyrate dehydrogenase （a-HBDH）, creatinkinase （CK）, isoenzymes of creatine kinase, aspartate amino transferase （AST）, creatinine （Crea） and alanine aminotransferase （AAT） were detected with velocity method. Results On the 1st day, the levels of a-HBDH, CK and isoenzymes of creatine kinase of the men in observation group were much lower than those of the men in control group and the difference was significant （P〈0.05）; on the 15th day, the levels of SLDH, a-HBDH, CK, isoenzymes of creatine kinase, AST and AAT of the men in observation group were still lower than those of the men in control group with a significant difference （P〈0.05）, and the level of their Crea was close to that of the men in control group with no statistical difference. Conclusions Short-term exposure to high altitude may lead to obvious changes of serological indexes of cardiac muscle, liver and kidney function which may be improved after the return to the plain, but there often exists hypercorrection, which needs high attention and prevention should be strengthened in case of the occurrence of deadaptation symptoms