三维超声检测儿童肾脏体积正常参考值及其临床意义

目的研究三维超声测量儿童肾脏体积的正常参考值及其临床意义。方法采用三维超声容积成像及虚拟器官计算机辅助定量分析方法，检测325例1个月～14岁健康儿童的肾脏体积，分析肾脏体积变化与年龄、身高、体质量、体表面积及肾脏长径增长的相关性。结果肾脏体积随年龄、体表面积的增长呈逐渐增加的趋势，与年龄、身高、体质量、体表面积及肾脏长径均呈强相关（r〉0．6）。肾脏的体积指数相对恒定，仅在1-6个月组与1-2岁组之间比较差异有统计学意义（P=-0．047）。结论正常儿童肾脏体积的生长变化具有一定的规律性，肾脏体积指数相对恒定，其正常参考值可用于协助临床评价肾脏功能和诊断儿童肾脏疾病。

Normal reference value of kidney volume in healthy infants and children by three-dimensional ultrasonography

Objective To study normal reference value of kidney volume in healthy infants and children by three- dimensional uhrasonography. Methods The kidney volumes of 325 healthy infants and children （from 1 month to 14 years old） were measured and analyzed by three-dimensional ultrasonography and virtual organ computer-aided quantitative analysis system. The relations between kidney volume and several indices including age, height, weight, body surface area （BSA） and kidney length were analyzed. Results Kidney volume increased gradually with the increase of age and BSA, and it correlated positively with age, height, weight, BSA and kidney length （r 〉 0.6）. Kidney volume index was constant relatively except for group 1 to 6 month and group 1 to 2 years old （P=0.047）. Conclusion There are feasibility and repeatability in measured results of kidney volume by three-dimensional ultrasonography in healthy infants and children. Kidney volume index is constant relatively. Normal reference value of kidney volume can be used to evaluate renal function and diagnose kidney disease.