汉滩病毒核酸疫苗滴鼻及皮肤划痕免疫小鼠的比较研究

目的观察汉滩病毒的DNA疫苗滴鼻及皮肤划痕免疫诱导机体产生的免疫应答,探索汉滩病毒DNA疫苗新的免疫途径。方法采用不同剂量50μg、10μg、1μg的裸露质粒pcDNA3.1B-S1,3分别进行滴鼻及皮肤划痕免疫小鼠,采用ELISA方法分别检测血清及粪便中特异性抗体变化,观察其诱导的系统和黏膜免疫反应的差异。结果用汉滩病毒核酸疫苗免疫小鼠,通过表皮划痕方式其诱导体液免疫在50μg剂量时与滴鼻途径相当,在10μg及1μg低剂量时优于滴鼻途径,但在黏膜免疫方面,其明显不如滴鼻途径。结论滴鼻免疫对特异的黏膜免疫激发作用明显优于皮肤划痕,疫苗的滴鼻免疫途径较皮肤划痕有着明显的优势。

Comparison of the intranasal and epidermal scratch immunization with DNA vaccine of Hantaan virus

To observe the effect of intranasal and epidermal scratch immunization with DNA vaccine of Hantaan virus(HTNV) on the production of immune responses in order to search for the new route of immunization for DNA vaccine of HTNV,different doses of the null plasmid pcDNA3.1B-S1.3 expressing nucleocapsid protein gene of HTNV were inoculated intranasally or through the epidermal scratch route into BALB/c mice.The changes on the levels of specific antibodies in serum or stool samples after immunization were examined by ELISA in order to evaluate the differences on the systemic and mucosal immune responses produced by different routes of immunization.The experimental results showed that although the humoral immune responses induced by immunization with DNA vaccine of HTNV at high dosage of 50 μg through intranasal or epidermal scratch route were comparable without significant difference on the levels of circulating antibodies,but it was demonstrated that at lower dosages(10 and 1 μg) the intranasal route of immunization was better than that of the epidermal scratch route to induce the mucosal immune responses.Therefore,the intranasal route of immunization is a suitable route to induce mucosal immune responses after immunization with the DNA vaccine of Hantaan virus.