LSD1在妇科恶性肿瘤中的研究进展

组蛋白赖氨酸特异性去甲基化酶1（lysine specific demethylase 1，LSD1）是一种核内黄素腺嘌呤二核苷酸（flavin adenine dinucleotide，FAD）依赖的单胺氧化酶，不但可以特异性脱去单甲基化和二甲基化组蛋白H3第4位赖氨酸（H3K4）、第9位赖氨酸（H3K9）和非组蛋白位点上的甲基基团，而且可以使非组蛋白底物第370位赖氨酸二甲基化（K370Me2）去甲基化，从而通过抑制p53与p53结合蛋白1（53BP1）的相互作用来抑制p53的功能。近年来许多研究发现，LSD1在染色质调节中起重要作用，可以通过调节肿瘤细胞的增殖、侵袭和转移能力，影响多种恶性肿瘤的发生及发展。LSD1的特殊作用使其有望成为一个新的抗肿瘤靶点。而目前LSD1表达对妇科恶性肿瘤的作用报道较为少见。本文就LSD1的结构与功能以及LSD1在宫颈癌、卵巢癌及子宫内膜癌中的最新研究进展进行综述。

Research Progress of LSD1 in Gynecological Malignancies

Histone lysine specific demethylase 1 (LSD1) is a kind of flavin adenine dinucleotide (FAD) dependent monoamine oxidase, which can specifically demethylate monomethylated and dimethylated K4 and K9 of histone H3 (H3K4, H3K9) as well as can specifically demethylate non histone proteins dimethylation (K370me2) at K370, which result in inhibition of p53 function by inhibiting the interaction of p53 with p53-binding protein 1 (53BP1) repressing the activity of the p53 gene. In recent years, many studies have found that LSD1 plays an important role in chromatin regulation, by regulating the proliferation, invasion and metastasis of tumor cells, affecting the occurrence and development of a variety of malignant tumors. The special role of LSD1 makes it possible to become a new anti-tumor target. Nowadays, the reports about the expression of LSD1 on the role of gynecological malignancy are rare. In this paper, structure and function of LSD1 and the latest research progress of LSD1 in cervical cancer, ovarian cancer and endometrial cancer will be reviewed.