年轻女性宫颈癌诊治新进展

年轻女性宫颈癌患者通常指35岁以下者，近年其发病率呈增长趋势。年轻女性宫颈癌较年长者进展迅速，可能与年轻女性雌激素水平高、易发生阴道微环境紊乱等因素有关。年轻患者非鳞癌比例高，诊断难度大，近年影像学诊断及分子生物学标志物等辅助手段的应用，明显提高了年轻女性宫颈癌的诊断率。在治疗方面，年轻患者对生育功能及生活质量要求较高，因此在传统手术基础上催生了微创手术、子宫移植等多种新型治疗方式，提高了年轻患者术后的生活质量。而中晚期患者的治疗以放化疗为主，三维适行放疗、调强放疗等新型放疗能够有效增加对肿瘤细胞的杀灭，同时可减少对正常组织的损伤，可明显改善患者预后。

Latest Progress of Diagnosis and Treatment of Young Women with Invasive Cervical Cancer

Invasive cervical cancer in women younger than 35-year-old is generally called young cervical cancer, and its incidence has been increasing in recent years. Cervical cancer in young women progresses more rapidly than in older patients, which might be related with young women′s high level of estrogen and their susceptibility to disordered vaginal microenvironment. The proportion of non-squamous cell carcinoma in young patients is higher than in older ones, leading to difficulty in diagnosis. However, taking imaging diagnosis and new molecular markers as novel auxiliary diagnosing methods have improved the efficiency of diagnosis. Young patients require fertility and better life quality, therefore, on the basis of traditional surgery, some new therapies, like minimally invasive surgery and uterine transplantation and so on, have been born. Advanced cervical cancer patients mainly conduct radiation/chemical therapy, some new types of radiation therapies (such as three-dimensional conformal radiation therapy and intensity modulated radiation therapy) can significantly improve young patients′prognosis by killing more cancer cells and less normal tissue.