盆腔器官脱垂的危险因素研究进展

盆腔器官脱垂(pelvic organ prolapse,POP)是由多因素导致盆底支持组织损伤而引发的复杂疾病,临床表现为盆腔器官位置下移及功能异常。POP现已严重影响广大女性尤其是中老年女性的生活质量,增加了家庭经济负担。因此,减少POP的发生、发展是当下亟需解决的问题。已有研究表明,高龄、肥胖、种族、阴道分娩、产钳助产、第二产程延长、巨大儿、家族史、遗传史等可能是POP发生的危险因素;产次、重体力劳动、慢性咳嗽、便秘、高血压、糖尿病等对POP造成的影响目前尚存在争议。综述POP的危险因素,以期为相关干预措施及卫生政策的制定提供科学依据。

The Risk Factors of Pelvic Organ Prolapse

Pelvic organ prolapse (POP) is the complicated condition as a result of damage to the pelvic floor by various factors, displaying descent and functional abnormality of pelvic organs. POP has influenced severely the quality of life of mass women nowadays, especially for the middle-aged and old women, and meantime leads to the increasing household economic burden. Consequently, it is urgent to prevent the condition from occurring and developing. It has been reported that the potential risk factors of POP could include advanced age, obesity, race, vaginal delivery, forceps assisted, the longed second labor, macrosomia, family history, hereditary history; parity, heavy work, chronic cough, constipation, hypertension and diabetes mellitus are arguable for the forming of POP. The present study will review risk factors of POP in order to provide scientific evidence for proposing related interventions and making health policies.