Lifetime and baseline alcohol intakes and risk of pancreatic cancer in the European Prospective Investigation into Cancer and Nutrition study |
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| Authors: | Sabine Naudin Kuanrong Li Tristan Jaouen Nada Assi Cecilie Kyr? Anne Tj?nneland Kim Overvad Marie‐Christine Boutron‐Ruault Vinciane Rebours Anne‐Laure Védié Heiner Boeing Rudolf Kaaks Verena Katzke Christina Bamia Androniki Naska Antonia Trichopoulou Franco Berrino Giovanna Tagliabue Domenico Palli Salvatore Panico Rosario Tumino Carlotta Sacerdote Petra H. Peeters H. B Bueno‐de‐Mesquita Elisabete Weiderpass Inger Torhild Gram Guri Skeie Maria‐Dolores Chirlaque Miguel Rodríguez‐Barranco Aurelio Barricarte Jose Ramón Quirós Miren Dorronsoro Ingegerd Johansson Malin Sund Hanna Sternby Kathryn E. Bradbury Nick Wareham Elio Riboli Marc Gunter Paul Brennan Eric J. Duell Pietro Ferrari |
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| Affiliation: | 1. Nutritional Methodology and Biostatistics Group, International Agency for Research on Cancer, Lyon, France;2. Danish Cancer Society Research Center, Copenhagen, Denmark;3. Section for Epidemiology, Department of Public Health, Aarhus University, Aarhus, Denmark;4. CESP, INSERM U1018, University of Paris‐Sud, UVSQ, University of Paris‐Saclay, Villejuif, France;5. Institut Gustave Roussy, Villejuif, France;6. Pancreatology Unit, Beaujon Hospital, Clichy, France;7. INSERM U1149, University Paris 7, Paris, France;8. Department of Epidemiology, German Institute of Human Nutrition Potsdam‐Rehbruecke (DIfE), Potsdam, Germany;9. Division of Cancer Epidemiology, German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ), Heidelberg, Germany;10. Hellenic Health Foundation, Athens, Greece;11. Unit of Nutritional Epidemiology and Nutrition in Public Health, Department of Hygiene, Epidemiology and Medical Statistics, School of Medicine, WHO Collaborating Center for Nutrition and Health, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, Athens, Greece;12. Department of Preventive & Predictive Medicine, Fondazione IRCCS Istituto Nazionale dei Tumori, Milan, Italy;13. Lombardy Cancer Registry Unit, Fondazione IRCCS Istituto Nazionale dei Tumori, Milan, Italy;14. Cancer Risk Factors and Life‐Style Epidemiology Unit, Cancer Research and Prevention Institute (ISPO), Florence, Italy;15. Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, University Federico II, Naples, Italy;16. Cancer Registry and Histopathology Department, Civic M.P.Arezzo Hospital, Ragusa, Italy, Ragusa, Italy;17. Unit of Cancer Epidemiology, Hospital and Center for Cancer Prevention (CPO), Città della Salute e della Scienza University, Turin, Italy;18. Department of Epidemiology, Julius Center for Health Sciences and Primary Care, University Medical Center Utrecht, Utrecht, The Netherlands;19. Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, School of Public Health, Imperial College London, London, United Kingdom;20. Department for Determinants of Chronic Diseases (DCD), National Institute for Public Health and the Environment (RIVM), Bilthoven, The Netherlands;21. Department of Social & Preventive Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, University of Malaya, Kuala, Malaysia, Lumpur;22. Department of Community Medicine, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Troms?, The Arctic University of Norway, Troms?, Norway;23. Department of Research, Cancer Registry of Norway, Institute of Population‐Based Cancer Research, Oslo, Norway;24. Department of Medical Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden;25. Genetic Epidemiology Group, Folkh?lsan Research Center, Helsinki, Finland;26. Department of Epidemiology, Regional Health Council, IMIB‐Arrixaca, Murcia, Spain;27. CIBER of Epidemiology and Public Health (CIBERESP), Madrid, Spain;28. Department of Health and Social Sciences, University of Murcia, Murcia, Spain;29. Biosanitary Investigation Institute (IBS) of Granada, University Hospital and University of Granada, Granada, Spain;30. Navarra Public Health Institute, Pamplona, Spain;31. Navarra Institute for Health Research (IdiSNA), Pamplona, Spain;32. Public Health Directorate, Asturias, Spain;33. Subdirección de Salud Pública de Gipuzkoa, Gobierno Vasco, San Sebastian, Spain;34. Department of Odontology, Cariology, Ume? University, Ume?, Sweden;35. Department of Surgical and Perioperative Sciences, Ume? University, Ume?, Sweden;36. Department of Surgery, Institution of Clinical Sciences Malm?, Lund University, Malm?, Sweden;37. Cancer Epidemiology Unit, Nuffield Department of Population Health, University of Oxford, Oxford, United Kingdom;38. MRC Epidemiology Unit, University of Cambridge School of Clinical Medicine, Cambridge Biomedical Campus, Cambridge, United Kingdom;39. School of Public Health, Imperial College London, London, United Kingdom;40. Nutrition and Epidemiology Group, International Agency for Research on Cancer, Lyon, France;41. Genetic Epidemiology Group, International Agency for Research on Cancer, Lyon, France;42. Unit of Nutrition and Cancer, Catalan Institute of Oncology (ICO‐Idibell), Barcelona, Spain |
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| Abstract: | Recent evidence suggested a weak relationship between alcohol consumption and pancreatic cancer (PC) risk. In our study, the association between lifetime and baseline alcohol intakes and the risk of PC was evaluated, including the type of alcoholic beverages and potential interaction with smoking. Within the European Prospective Investigation into Cancer and Nutrition (EPIC) study, 1,283 incident PC (57% women) were diagnosed from 476,106 cancer‐free participants, followed up for 14 years. Amounts of lifetime and baseline alcohol were estimated through lifestyle and dietary questionnaires, respectively. Cox proportional hazard models with age as primary time variable were used to estimate PC hazard ratios (HR) and their 95% confidence interval (CI). Alcohol intake was positively associated with PC risk in men. Associations were mainly driven by extreme alcohol levels, with HRs comparing heavy drinkers (>60 g/day) to the reference category (0.1–4.9 g/day) equal to 1.77 (95% CI: 1.06, 2.95) and 1.63 (95% CI: 1.16, 2.29) for lifetime and baseline alcohol, respectively. Baseline alcohol intakes from beer (>40 g/day) and spirits/liquors (>10 g/day) showed HRs equal to 1.58 (95% CI: 1.07, 2.34) and 1.41 (95% CI: 1.03, 1.94), respectively, compared to the reference category (0.1–2.9 g/day). In women, HR estimates did not reach statistically significance. The alcohol and PC risk association was not modified by smoking status. Findings from a large prospective study suggest that baseline and lifetime alcohol intakes were positively associated with PC risk, with more apparent risk estimates for beer and spirits/liquors than wine intake. |
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