Coffee drinking and colorectal cancer and its subsites: A pooled analysis of 8 cohort studies in Japan |
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| Authors: | Tetsuya Mizoue Norie Sawada Ayaka Kotemori Keitaro Matsuo Isao Oze Hidemi Ito Mariko Naito Tomio Nakayama Yuri Kitamura Akiko Tamakoshi Ichiro Tsuji Yumi Sugawara Manami Inoue Chisato Nagata Atsuko Sadakane Keitaro Tanaka Shoichiro Tsugane Taichi Shimazu for the Research Group for the Development and Evaluation of Cancer Prevention Strategies in Japan |
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| Institution: | 1. Department of Epidemiology and Prevention, Center for Clinical Sciences, National Center for Global Health and Medicine, Tokyo, Japan;2. Epidemiology and Prevention Group, Center for Public Health Sciences, National Cancer Center, Tokyo, Japan;3. Division of Molecular and Clinical Epidemiology, Aichi Cancer Center Research Institute, Nagoya, Japan;4. Department of Epidemiology, Nagoya University Graduate School of Medicine, Nagoya, Japan;5. Department of Preventive Medicine, Nagoya University Graduate School of Medicine, Nagoya, Japan;6. Cancer Control Center, Osaka International Cancer Institute, Osaka, Japan;7. Department of Social and Environmental Medicine, Osaka University Graduate School of Medicine, Osaka, Japan;8. Department of Public Health, Hokkaido University Graduate School of Medicine, Sapporo, Japan;9. Division of Epidemiology, Department of Public Health and Forensic Medicine, Tohoku University Graduate School of Medicine, Sendai, Japan;10. Department of Epidemiology and Preventive Medicine, Gifu University Graduate School of Medicine, Gifu, Japan;11. Department of Epidemiology, Radiation Effects Research Foundation, Hiroshima, Japan;12. Department of Preventive Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Saga University, Saga, Japan |
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| Abstract: | Coffee is a rich source of bioactive compounds that have potential anticarcinogenic effects. However, it remains unclear whether coffee drinking is associated with colorectal cancer. Also, despite different etiological factors involved in gut physiology, few studies have investigated this association by anatomical site of the lesion. To address these issues, this study examined the association between coffee drinking and colorectal cancer in a pooled analysis from 8 cohort studies conducted in Japan. Among 320,322 participants followed up for 4,503,274 person‐years, 6,711 incident colorectal cancer cases were identified. Study‐specific hazard ratios (HRs) and 95% confidence intervals (CIs) were estimated using Cox proportional hazards models and then pooled using the random effects model. Coffee drinking was not materially associated with colorectal cancer risk in men or women (pooled HR 0.92, 95% CI 0.82–1.03 in men and pooled HR 0.90, 95% CI 0.76–1.07 in women). Analysis by subsite showed a lower risk of colon cancer among female drinkers of ≥3 cups coffee/day (pooled HR 0.80, 95% CI 0.64–0.99). There was no such association in men. Coffee drinking was not associated with risk of rectal cancer in men or women. Results were virtually the same among never smokers except for an increased risk of rectal cancer associated with frequent coffee consumption. Coffee drinking may be associated with lower risk of colon cancer in Japanese women. |
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| Keywords: | colorectal cancer colon cancer rectal cancer pooled analysis coffee |
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