眼局部给药方式的药代动力学及安全性研究进展

眼部的局部给药方式影响着药物作用的强度,速率及持续时间和不良反应。视网膜,脉络膜,玻璃体及视神经的疾病则对眼后节的局部给药治疗提出了挑战,以局部给药的方式通过解剖学的膜屏障及泪液排泄,并达到在特定部位起治疗作用的药物浓度是其中的重要课题。全身给药则难以在眼组织积蓄足够的药物浓度,且易引起全身性的不良反应。眼表局部应用滴眼剂在泪液循环及角膜,结膜的屏障作用下易发生流失,而有创的给药方式包括玻璃体内注射,结膜下注射等变得越来越普遍的同时,除对病人造成疼痛不适外,甚至也可导致多种严重于疾病本身的并发症。本文综述了近几年来随着各种眼科疾病分子机制的研究和解明,眼部局部给药方式及新剂型的药代动力学及安全性的研究进展。

Recent progress in saefty and pharmacokinetic of ocular drug delivery system

The ocular drug delivery system affects the drug s efficacy,rate of speed,velocity and adverse reaction.How to deliver the drug with therapeutic local concentrations to the posterior segment remains a challenge.Many invasive methods such as intravitreal injection,subconjunctival injection are generally used,non-invasive method like eye drop can not pass through the barrier of the eye although it is convenient.The recent progress in safty and pharmacokinetic of ocular drug delivery system is reviewed in this...