气体信号分子硫化氢在颅脑外伤中的作用及其研究进展

颅脑外伤是一种常见损伤，死亡率居身体各部位损伤之首。脑外伤发生后的神经病理生理学过程十分复杂，传统的神经保护疗法不能取得显著疗效。硫化氢作为具有生物活性的第3种内源性气体信号分子，在体内可产生广泛的生理学作用，尤其对心血管系统和神经系统起着重要的调节作用。硫化氢对脑外伤具有损伤与保护双重作用，高浓度的硫化氢对机体造成损伤，低浓度的硫化氢可减轻脑外伤造成的损害。硫化氢对脑外伤后产生的炎症反应、氧化应激、细胞凋亡和自噬、钙离子流动等情况具有调节功能，从而对神经系统损伤发挥保护和修复作用，能作为治疗脑外伤的一种新思路。本文简述了近年研究中气体信号分子硫化氢在体内的来源与产生，硫化氢体系在脑外伤后的变化情况，以及硫化氢在颅脑外伤中的作用及其机制，并对其在脑外伤后的作用研究进行了展望。

Research progress on the role of gaseous signaling molecule hydrogen sulfide in traumatic brain injury*

Traumatic brain injury(TBI) is a common injury, and the mortality rate in TBI is the highest compared with other injuries in the body. The neuropathological and neurophysiological processes after TBI are very complicated, so traditional neuroprotective therapies can not achieve significant effects. Hydrogen sulfide, as the third endogenous gaseous signaling molecule, can produce a wide range of physiological effects in the body and can also play an important regulatory role in the cardiovascular system and nervous system. Hydrogen sulfide can play a dual role in brain trauma. High concentration of hydrogen sulfide damages the body, while low concentration of hydrogen sulfide can reduce brain damage. Hydrogen sulfide has a regulating function on inflammatory reaction, oxidative stress, apoptosis, autophagy, and calcium ion flow after traumatic brain injury, which can be used as a way to treat brain trauma by protecting and repairing the nervous system. This paper briefly describes the source and production of hydrogen sulfide in the body, the changes of hydrogen sulfide system after traumatic brain injury, the role and mechanism of hydrogen sulfide in brain trauma, and prospects for hydrogen sulfide in TBI.