基于药材生产与深加工过程非药用部位及副产物开发替代抗生素饲用产品的可行性分析与研究实践

中药资源是国家战略资源,其不仅为人类健康做出重要贡献,也是畜禽疾病防治的重要物质基础。随着我国畜禽饲用产品禁用抗生素政策的颁布实施,开发可有效替代抗生素(替抗)的饲用产品已成为目前畜牧行业的研究热点。基于天然资源的中药类饲用产品开发是目前业界较为公认的实现饲用产品替抗的重要发展方向。中药材生产及深加工产业化过程中产生的大量非药用部位及副产物未得到有效利用,既造成资源的巨大浪费,又加剧了生态环境压力。现代研究发现,这些未被利用的废弃物及副产物中多富含具有增强免疫力、抗菌消炎、助消化及具有营养功能的可饲用资源性物质,且具有资源储量大、生产成本低、亟需消纳处置等资源特性。提出中药资源产业化过程中产生的非药用部位及副产物是开发替抗类饲用产品的潜在重要原料,并就其开发功能性饲用产品实现饲用产品禁抗的可行性及已有研究实践进行分析总结,对产业可持续发展提出相关建议,以期为中药资源产业的提质增效和绿色发展提供支撑,为饲用抗生素的有效替代提供途径。

Feasibility analysis and research practice for development of alternative antibiotic feeding products based on non-medicinal parts and by-products in processing of Chinese medicinal materials

Chinese medicine resources are national strategic resources, which not only make important contributions to human health, but also provide an important material basis for disease prevention and control of livestock and poultry. With the promulgation and implementation of the policy of banning antibiotics in livestock and poultry feeding products, the development of feeding products that can effectively replace antibiotics has become a research hotspot in the animal husbandry industry. Feeding products with traditional Chinese medicine based on natural plant resources have been recognized as an important direction to realize the replacement of antibiotics in feeding products. In the process of production and industrialization of Chinese medicinal materials, a large number of non-medicinal parts and by-products have not been effectively utilized, which not only causes huge waste of resources, but also exacerbates the pressure of ecological environment. However, modern research has found that most of these unused wastes and by-products are rich in feedable resources with anti-bacterial, anti-inflammatory, digestive-promoting and nutritional functions. In addition, these wastes and by-products exhibit the resource characteristics such as huge reserves and low production costs, and are urgently needed to be disposed. Accordingly, this paper puts forward that non-medicinal parts and by-products produced in the production and industrialization of Chinese medicinal materials are the important raw materials for the development of antibiotic alternative feeding products. Then, the feasibility of this proposal was analyzed, the existing research practices were summarized, and some suggestions for industrial development were proposed, with view to providing support for the improvement of the utilization efficiency and green development of Chinese medicine resources industry, and providing an effective alternative to feeding antibiotics.