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Investigations on the antinociceptive effect of Psidium guajava leaf essential oil and its major constituents
Authors:F. A. Santos  V. S. N. Rao  E. R. Silveira
Abstract:The antinociceptive effect of leaf essential oil from Psidium guajava and its major constituents, β-caryophyllene and α-pinene was assessed using chemical (formalin and acetic acid) and thermal (hot-plate) nociceptive tests in adult male albino mice. Oral administration of 100, 200 and 400 mg/kg of essential oil produced a significant antinociceptive effect in the formalin test and at 200 and 400 mg/kg in the acetic acid- induced writhing test. Of the major components only α-pinene, but not the β-caryophyllene, demonstrated significant antinociception in the formalin test. Neither the essential oil nor the major components could exert any significant effect in the hot-plate test. Pretreatment of mice with caffeine (20 mg/kg, i.p.), significantly inhibited the antinociceptive effect of essential oil in the formalin test. Naloxone (1 mg/kg, s.c.), the opioid antagonist, however, failed to antagonize it. These results suggest that the antinociceptive effect of P. guajava essential oil is probably mediated by endogenously released adenosine. © 1998 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Keywords:Psidium guajava  essential oil  antinociception  β  -caryophyllene  α  -pinene
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