职业接触定量化定义探讨

目的比较化学物职业接触限值(OEL)与环境空气污染物浓度限值,探讨职业接触定量化的界定。方法搜集中国、美国、欧洲化学物OEL与环境空气污染物浓度限值,并进行统计分析。结果共收集到30种化学物的45对OEL和环境浓度限值。OEL和环境空气污染物浓度限值几何均数分别为2.09 mg/m3和0.01 mg/m3,OEL是环境空气污染物浓度限值的200.17倍。2限值回归方程为lgy=1.182 lgx-2.36[决定系数(R2)=0.567]。2限值概率密度函数曲线交点浓度值为0.092 9 mg/m3,是OEL的1/22.45,环境空气污染物浓度限值8.93倍。当浓度取1/20 OEL时,该浓度低于对应的环境空气污染物浓度限值比例为20%。结论当工作场所化学物浓度高于OEL 1/10时,可定义为职业接触。

Study on the quantitative definition of occupational exposures

Objective To discuss the quantitative definition of occupational exposure by comparing and analyzing the occupational exposure limits(OEL) and environmental air pollutants limits(EAPL). Methods The concentrations of OEL and EAPL of chemical substances from China,United States.and Europe were collected and statistically analyzed. Results A total of 30 chemical substances were collected,and made up 45 pairs of concentrations.The geometric mean(GM) of OEL and EAPL were 2.09 mg/m3 and 0.01 mg/m3,indicating OEL was on average 200.17 times larger than EAPL.A logarithmic regression of OEL on EAPL gave lgy=1.182 lgx-2.36(R2=0.567).The concentration at the intersection of the two probability density function curve for OEL and EAPL was 0.092 9 mg/m3,which was 1/22.45 of OEL and 8.93 times of EAPL.If the concentration was 1/20 of OEL,the percentage of the concentration lower than the corresponding EAPL was 20%. Conclusion When chemical concentration in work place is more than 1/10 of OEL,it can be considered as an occupational exposure.