缺血预处理肺隔离药物灌注治疗肺癌的临床研究

目的 :研究缺血预处理对肺隔离药物灌注 (ILP)时肺损伤的作用。方法 :8例失去手术机会的晚期原发性肺癌或多发转移性肺癌患者 ,随机分成单纯肺隔离灌注组 (C组 ) ,缺血预处理加肺隔离灌注组 (IP组 ) ,每组 4例 ,两组均一侧肺动、静脉插管建立单侧肺隔离灌注装置。C组灌液中加入阿霉素 (ADM) 6 μg·ml-1,实施肺隔离灌注 45min。IP组实行肺缺血预处理 ,即阻断肺动脉 10min ,开放 15min ,再加ADM灌注 45min。结果 :ILP时肺内ADM浓度高 ,而体循环血浓度未测到 ,C组与IP组比较无差异性 (P >0 .0 5 )。ILP术后MPaP ,PaO2 ,两组比较均有显著性差异 (P <0 .0 5 )。ILP术后 ,两组肺组织均有不同程度的损伤 ,但光镜下白细胞计数、电镜下肺泡Ⅱ型上皮细胞及内皮细胞评分 ,两组比较有显著差异 (P <0 .0 5 )。术后呼吸机辅助时间 ,IP组较C组明显短 ;住院天数 ,IP组明显短于C组 (P <0 .0 5 )。术后随访 2～ 10月 ,无死亡病例 ,X ray检查表明两组肿块均有明显缩小、消散。结论 :ILP治疗肺癌安全可靠 ,能有效提高局部化疗药物浓度 ,降低全身毒副作用。IP对ILP肺损伤具有保护作用。对晚期肺癌施行缺血预处理肺隔离灌注化疗可减轻肺损伤 ,因而可扩大肺癌治疗范围。

Clinical study of ischemic preconditioning on isolated lung perfusion with chemotherapeutic agents in the treatment of unresectable lung cancer

Objectives: To determine the effect of ischemic preconditioningon isolated lung perfusion(ILP) with chemotherapeutic agents in the treatment of unresectable lung cancer. Methods: Eight patients with unresectable cancer or metastatic sarcomas in lungs underwent isolated single lung perfusion with doxorubicin. Eight patients were randomly divided into two groups: control group (Group C) and ischemic preconditioning group (Group IP). Group C was only performed isolated lung perfusion with doxorubicin; Group IP was performed isolated lung perfusion with doxorubicin after ischemic preconditioning (in ischemic preconditioning procedure, right or left pulmonary artery was clamped for 10 minutes, then released for 15 minutes). Results: The mean pulmonary artery pressure (MpaP) after ILP in Group IP was much lower than that in Group C (P<0.05). The PaO2 after ILP in Group IP was much higher than that in Group C(P<0.01). The lung histologic examination after ILP showed that pulmonary edema, inflammatory cell infiltration, mild focal hemorrhage and alveolar disruption in Group C were significantly serious than those in Group IP, but there was no hospital death in Group C or in Group IP. The complications included hypovolemia shock and acute lung injury. Following up 2 months to 10 months, no death was observed, and the tumours diminished in various degrees or disappeared in the two groups. Conclusion: Isolated lung perfusion with chemotherapy can be done safely and effectively in patients with unresectable lung malignancies and metastatic sarcoma in the lung, and ILP can cause lung injury, but lung ischemic preconditioning can reduce the lung injury after isolated lung perfusion.