双小切口手术修复急性闭合性跟腱断裂

目的:评价手术治疗急性闭合性跟腱断裂的切口新方案.方法:自2009年1月至2014年1月采用保留跟腱断端皮桥、2个微创切口手术治疗急性跟腱断裂21例,男16例,女5例;年龄21~57岁,平均44.3岁.观察术后并发症,测量术后1年踝关节运动范围、双侧小腿最大周径、跟腱断裂平面周径、恢复工作及伤前体育活动的时间,采用美国足与踝关节协会(AOFAS)踝与后足功能评分方法进行评分.结果:21例均获随访,时间6~36个月,平均14个月.切口均Ⅰ期愈合,无皮肤坏死、切口感染、深静脉血栓、再断裂等并发症,腓肠神经支配区皮肤感觉正常.术后1年AOFAS评分94.3±5.5较术前65.1±6.9提高(t=7.672,P=0.013);患足踝关节活动范围(55.4±6.5)°与健足(56.3±3.7)°差异无统计学意义(t=0.872,P=0.325).21例均恢复伤前工作与学习,恢复工作时间平均10周(6~15周);15例恢复伤前体育活动,恢复伤前体育活动时间平均21周(18~24周).小腿最大周径伤侧较对侧平均减少0.45 cm(0.3~0.8 cm),跟腱断裂平面周径伤侧较对侧平均增粗0.4 cm(0.2~0.7 cm).结论:采用2个微创切口技术保存跟腱及其断端皮桥区软组织血液供应,并发症少.

Double minimally invasive incisions for surgical repair of the acute closed Achilles tendon rupture

Objective: To evaluate the clinical effect of a new surgical approaches for repairing the acute Achilles tendon rupture. Methods: From January 2009 to January 2014, 21 patients with Achilles tendon rupture were treated by 2 minimally invasive incisions and remaining skin bridge of achilles tendon end including 16 males and 5 females with an average age of 44.3 years old ranging from 21 to 57 years old. Postoperative complications, the range of movement of affected ankle joint, the circumference calf and ankle on both side, time of reture to work and sports activity were observed and recorded. The American Orthopaedic Foot and Ankle Society(AOFAS) score was used to evaluate the functional recovery. Results: All patients were followed up for 6 to 36 months with an average of 13.5 months. No skin necrosis, wound infection, deep vein thrombosis, re-rupture and sensory disturbance with the ankle or foot in the sural nerve distribution were found. At 1 year after operation, there was no significant difference in the range of movement between affected foot (55.4±6.5)° and unaffected foot (56.3±3.7)° (t=0.872, P=0.325). There was significant difference in AOFAS between preoperative (65.1±6.9) and postoperative (94.3±5.5) (t=7.672, P=0.013). All patients returned to work and study at an average of 10 weeks (ranged from 6 to 15 weeks) and 15 patients returned to normal sports activities at 21 weeks(ranged from 18 to 24 weeks). Calf and ankle circumferences decreased by 0.45 cm (0.3 to 0.8 cm) and increased by 0.4 cm (0.2 to 0.7 cm), respectively in the injured leg as compared with the contralateral leg. Conclusion: The simplicity of the technique of minimally invasive incision and skin bridge for acute closed Achilles tendon reconstruction is an effective and reliable method with low complication.