金黄色葡萄球菌277株的临床分布及耐药性分析

目的探讨金黄色葡萄球菌的临床分布及耐药性。方法应用药敏试验对277株金黄色葡萄球菌（SAU）进行检测,然后对其临床分布及耐药性进行分析。结果 277株SAU主要来自痰液（占35.74%）和脓液（占35.37%）。临床分布主要在ICU病房和骨科（分别占24.19%）。277株SAU中耐甲氧西林金黄色葡萄球菌（MRSA）201株,检出率为72.56%,其余为甲氧西林敏感金黄色葡萄球菌（MSSA）。16种抗生素药敏试验,MRSA对苯唑西林、青霉素、庆大霉素、左氧氟沙星、诺氟沙星、复方新诺明等6种的耐药率明显高于MSSA的耐药率,两者间差异有统计学意义（P〈0.05）。其余十种两者耐药率差异无统计学意义（P〉0.05）。结论 MRSA是医院感染的重要病原菌,对苯唑西林、青霉素、庆大霉素、左氧氟沙星、诺氟沙星、复方新诺明的耐药率比MSSA明显增高。

Analysis on Clinical Distribution and Drug Resistance of 277 Strains of Staphylococcus Aureus

Objective To investigate the clinical distribution and antibiotic resistance of Staphylococcus aureus.Methods Two hundred and seventy-seven strains of Staphylococcus aureus used in the test were mainly taken from sputum(35.74%) and fester(35.37%),and all the strains were isolated from ICU ward and orthopedics department(respectively 24.19%).Results Among the 277 strains of Staphylococcus aureus,there were 201 strains of methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus(MRSA),with the detection rate of 72.56%,and the rest of the strains were methicillin sensitive staphylococcus aureus(MSSA).The results of sensitivity test of MRSA and MSSA to 16 kinds of antibiotics showed that the drug resistance rates of MRSA to oxacillin,penicillin,gentamicin,levalfloxacin,norfloxacin,and cotrimoxazole were significantly higher than those of MSSA to the six antibiotics,and the difference was statistically significant(P<0.05).The rest ten showed no statistically significant difference(P>0.05).Conclusions MRSA is an important pathogen of nosocomial infection.The drug resistance rates of MRSA to oxacillin,penicillin,erythromycin,levofloxacin,gentamicin,and cotrimoxazole are significantly higher than those of MSSA.