4～14岁儿童意外损伤相关因素分析

目的 研究学龄期儿童意外损伤的危险因素,为制定有效的预防措施提供依据.方法 分析1994年1月1日～2004年12月31日收治的儿童意外损伤中4～14岁学龄期儿童病例的损伤类别、发生地点及时间、年份趋势及年龄、性别特点.结果 803例4～14岁学龄期儿童意外损伤占同期全部儿童意外损伤住院人数的59.52%.意外损伤的前四位原因是交通事故、意外跌落、烧烫伤和意外中毒.男女之比为1.95：1.全部统计的损伤中在学校发生的9.33%.交通事故损伤发生的地点以放学及上学路上最多,占全部交通事故损伤的33.30%,其他前三位发生地点以家内及家周围为多.意外损伤随年龄增长逐渐减少,女孩随年龄增长减少更为明显.交通事故及意外跌落伤在近5年有明显增多趋势.结论 学龄期儿童是意外损伤的高危人数,在年龄、性别及发生地点上有其特点.社会、学校及家庭应密切配合,制定有效的预防措施.

Analysis of influencing factors of unintentional injuries in child inpatients aged 4 to 14 years

Objective To investigate the risk factors of unintentional injuries in children. Methods According to international statistical classification of diseases and related health problems, a retrospective analysis was carried out on unintentional injuries in child inpatients aged 4 to 14 years. Results The 803 unintentional injury children were account for 59.52% of all unintentional injury inpatients during the same time. The traffic accident, unintentional falling, scald and burns, and accidental poisoning were the commonest causes related to child unintentional injuries from 4 to 14 ages. The ratio between boys and girls was 1. 95:1. The 9. 33% of child unintentional injuries happened in school. The 32. 30% of traffic accidents happened on the roads in which students went school and came back home. A majority of unintentional fallings, scalds and bums and accidental poisonings happened at home or around the hone. When children's ages grew, especially in girls, unintentional injuries decreased. The traffic accidents and unintentional fallings have increased in the last five years. Conclusions Effective measures should be taken to reduce the incidence of child unintentional injuries.