缺氧预适应抑制缺氧/复氧诱导心肌细胞凋亡的作用及机制

目的：研究缺氧预适应（HP）对缺氧复氧（H/R）诱导新生大鼠心肌细胞凋亡的影响及其作用机制。方法： 体外培养新生大鼠心肌细胞，分3组：正常对照组、HP+ H/R组和H/R组，吖啶橙（AO）染色法观察心肌细胞凋亡形态学特征，流式细胞术检测心肌细胞凋亡率，比色法检测心肌细胞caspase-3的活性，免疫组织化学法结合计算机图像分析检测心肌细胞Bcl-2蛋白的表达。结果： 心肌细胞H/R损伤后，AO染色可见典型凋亡细胞，流式细胞仪检测其凋亡率为(29.7±5.4)%，HP可显著降低心肌细胞凋亡率至(7.8±1.3)%（P＜0.01）。H/R组心肌细胞caspase-3的相对活性为5.9±0.8，HP+H/R组心肌细胞caspase-3的相对活性为2.6±0.5，显著低于H/R组（P＜0.01）。Bcl-2在正常心肌细胞即有表达，其阳性染色吸光度值为119.4±7.1，H/R组为99.6±5.0，显著低于正常组（P＜0.01），HP+H/R组为126.5±6.2，显著高于H/R组（P＜0.01）。结论： HP可通过增加心肌细胞Bcl-2的表达、降低caspase-3活性而抑制H/R诱导的心肌细胞凋亡，发挥心肌细胞保护作用。

Inhibitory effect of hypoxia preconditioning on hypoxia/reoxygenation-induced apoptosis in cardiomyocytes

AIM: To study the role of hypoxia preconditioning (HP) in hypoxia-reoxygenation (HR)-induced apoptosis in neonatal rat cardiomyocytes and the possible mechanisms. METHODS: Cultured neonatal rat cardiomyocytes were divided into three groups: normal group, HP+H/R group and H/R group. Acridine orange (AO) staining was performed to detect morphological changes of apoptotic cells. Apoptosis rates of cardiomyocytes were detected by flow cytometry. Colorimetric assay was used to detect caspase-3 activity. Expression of Bcl-2 protein was detected by immunohistochemistry combined with computer image analysis. RESULTS: Apoptotic cells were detected by AO staining after hypoxia of 6 h followed by 3 h-reoxygenation. The hypodiploid apoptotic peak was detected by flow cytometry with the apoptotic rates of (29.7±5.4)%. A significantly reduced apoptotic rates of (7.8±1.3)% was detected in HP group（P＜0.01）. The caspase-3 relative activity of cardiomyocytes induced by H/R was 5.9±0.8, significantly higher than that of control group. HP markedly reduced caspase-3 relative activity to 2.6±0.5 in contrast with H/R group （P＜0.01）. Bcl-2 protein was positive in normal cardiomyocytes with an A value of 119.4±7.1. The A value of H/R group was 99.6±5.0, significantly lower than that in normal group （P＜0.01）. The A value of HP+H/R group was 126.5±6.2, significantly higher than that in H/R group（P＜0.01）. CONCLUSION: HP inhibits H/R-induced apoptosis of cardiomyocytes by improving the expression of Bcl-2 and reducing caspase-3 activity.