新型组织工程化骨材料植入动物体内的成血管效应

背景：以生长因子、种子细胞、载体支架为基础的骨组织工程研究取得的成功，向人们展示了再造骨组织器官的美好前景，然而在临床应用方面往往效果不理想。其中很重要一个原因是组织工程骨很大程度上受制于移植物血管网缺乏造成的细胞供养障碍而导致失效。 目的：新型组织工程骨修复材料植入新西兰兔桡骨缺损处观察其成血管作用。 方法：将聚乳酸-聚羟基乙酸共聚物包裹碱性成纤维细胞生长因子制备成微球囊，然后与磷酸钙骨水泥混合，并与体外培养的同种异体骨髓间充质干细胞共培养制备新型组织工程骨修复材料。60只成年新西兰兔建立15 mm桡骨缺损模型后随机分成2组，实验组植入新型组织工程骨修复材料，对照组植入复合骨髓间充质干细胞的聚乳酸-聚羟基乙酸共聚物与磷酸钙骨水泥的混合材料。于术后4、8、12周，通过组织细胞形态学观察、核素骨扫描等手段，观察各个时期血管形成情况。 结果与结论：光镜下组织形态学观察结果及核素骨扫描结果示血管化程度是实验组优于对照组。 结果显示聚乳酸-聚羟基乙酸共聚物-成纤维细胞生长因子/磷酸钙骨水泥材料复合骨髓间充质干细胞构建的新型组织工程骨修复材料在动物体内有较好的成血管效果。

Vascularization on new tissue-engineered bone repair materials implanted into animals in vivo

BACKGROUND: The research of bone tissue engineering achieved success based on growth factors, seed cells, vector scaffold, it demonstrates the better future of bone tissues reconstruction. However, clinical application is often not ideal. One of most important reason is that the absence of cell dependent disorder caused by vascular network of engineering bone graft. OBJECTIVE: To observe the vascularization on new tissue-engineered bone repair materials implanted into radial defect of New Zealand rabbits. METHODS: Balloon compression was prepared by the polylactic acid-polyglycolic acid copolymer (PLGA)/basic fibroblast growth factor (bFGF), then mixed with calcium phosphate cement (CPC), and combined with allogeneic bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells (BMSCs) cultured in vitro to prepare new tissue-engineered bone repair materials. A total of 60 adult New Zealand rabbits were used to establish animal experimental models of radial defect and randomly divided into two groups: Group A served as the experimental group which was transplanted with the new tissue-engineered bone repair materials. Group B served as the control group, which was transplanted with the mixed materials of composite BMSCs of PLGA and CPC. At 4, 8, 12 weeks after operation, the angiopoiesis at each period was observed by tissue cell morphology, nuclide bone scan and other methods. RESULTS AND CONCLUSION: The results of histological observation under light microscope and nuclide bone scan showed experimental group was better than control group in vascularization. The results demonstrated that new tissue-engineered bone repair materials constructed by the PLGA-bFGF/CPC combined with BMSCs have a better vascularization in vivo.