高校教师职业效能感对幸福感的影响:职业倦怠的中介作用

目的探讨高校教师职业效能感与幸福感的关系以及职业倦怠在其中所起的中介作用。方法于2013年12月采用整群随机取样方法抽取四川省507名高校教师,使用职业倦怠量表、职业效能感量表、总体幸福感量表对其进行问卷调查。结果 1高校教师职业效能感各因素的分值均高于理论平均分(P均0.001),其中最高为育人威信(4.11±0.74)分,其次为教学能力(3.95±0.90)分和知识素养(3.96±0.81)分,再次为科研素养(3.59±0.72)分,最后为稳定自尊(3.33±1.00)分;2有82.05%的高校教师都存在职业倦怠,低成就感(2.39±0.65)分、情感枯竭(2.59±0.61)分、去个性化(2.28±0.63)分均高于理论平均分(P均0.001);3相关分析显示,职业倦怠与职业效能感之间(r=-0.369,P0.01)、职业倦怠与主观幸福感之间(r=-0.378,P0.01)呈负相关,职业效能感与主观幸福感之间呈正相关(r=0.231,P0.01);4高校教师的职业倦怠在职业效能感与主观幸福感间的比例为中介效应占总效应53.99%。结论高校教师职业效能感比较高,但也是职业倦怠的高发人群;职业倦怠在职业效能感与主观幸福感间起到了部分中介作用。

Relationship between college teachers' occupation efficiency and well-being:the mediating role of job burnout

Objective To explore the relationship between occupation efficiency and well -being and the mediating effect of job burnout. Methods In 2013 December, a total of 507 college teachers were investigated by Maslaeh Burnout Invertory（MBI） ,Occupa- tion Efficacy Questionnaire and General Well - being Scale（GWBS）. Results ①Every factor＇s scores of occupation efficacy was higher than the theoretical average （P 〈 0. 001 ）, teaching prestige（ 4.11 ± 0.74 ）has the highest score, and followed by teaching ability（ 3.95 ± 0.90） and knowledge quality （ 3.96 ± 0.81 ）, research quality（ 3.59 ± 0.72）, stable self - esteem （ 3.33±1.00）. ②82.05 % of the college teachers have job burnout, and every factor＇s scores of job burnout（ low sense of achievement （2.39 ±0.65 ）, emotional exhaus- tion （ 2.59± 0.61 ） , deindividuation （ 2.28 ± 0.63 ） ） was higher than the theoretical average （ P 〈 0.001 ）. ③Job burnout was signifi- cantly negatively correlated with occupation efficiency（ r = - 0. 369, P 〈 0.01 ） and well - being（ r = - 0. 378, P 〈 0.01 ）, and occupa- tion efficiency was significantly positively correlated with well -being（ r = 0. 231, P 〈 0.01 ）. ④The mediatory effect of job burnout be- tween occupation efficiency and well - being was significant and proportion of mediatory effect in total effect was 53.99%.Conclusion For the college teachers, occupation efficiency was high and job burnout was serious. Job burnout partially mediated the relationship between occupation efficiency and well -being .