肠道微生态与肠道疾病

人类肠道微生态是一个包含大量肠道微生物的复杂生态系统,近年来研究发现肠道细菌过度繁殖可导致胃肠道动力失调及内脏神经敏感性改变,最终导致肠易激综合征的发生,而肠道菌群引起的肠粘膜异常免疫应答损伤被认为是炎症性肠病发病机制的关键所在,另外,肠道微生态还可过参与炎症性肠病的病理生理过程或直接代谢产生致癌物质影响肠道肿瘤的发生发展。由此我们发现,肠道微生态不仅参与了消化吸收、物质代谢等胃肠道基本生理过程,还直接关系到肠道疾病的发生。本文将就目前肠道微生态与肠道疾病的研究进展进行简单综述。

The role of microecology in enteric diseases

The gastrointestinal tract harbors a complex and abundant microbial community contains a huge number of microorganisms.Recently,overgrowth of small intestinal bacteria have proved to be contributing to irritable bowel syndrome by changing the sensitivity of splanchnic nerve and causing dynamic disorder.Immune response to gut flora is considered to be the key of inflammatory bowel disease.Additionally,gut flora is also associated with the development of colorectal cancer through secreting carcinogens or effecting the pathogenesis of inflammatory bowel disease.Thus,the enteric microbiota forms a symbiotic relationship with their host and this close partnership not only participates in digesting、absorbing and metabolizing,but also helps maintaining homeostasis from various diseases.This review will summarize the current understanding of the relationship between enteric microecology and colorectal diseases.