职务犯罪服刑人员的自尊、人格特征及情绪状况

目的:研究职务犯罪服刑人员的外显自尊、内隐自尊的特征,以及不同自尊结构职务犯罪服刑人员的人格特征及情绪状况的差异。方法:方便选取某监狱职务犯罪服刑人员共112名,符合入组条件者共88名。使用大五人格量表简版(NEO-FFI)、简式简明心境问卷(POMS-SF)、自尊量表(SES)以及内隐联想测验(IAT)进行问卷调查及行为学实验。按SES、IAT的平均分为界,将被试分为高外显高内隐组(n=13)、高外显低内隐组(n=14)、低外显高内隐组(n=12)、低外显低内隐组(n=12)。结果:获有效问卷51份。内隐联想测验中,被试在相容试验的反应时短于不相容试验的反应时(P=0.022,d=0.45)。外显自尊得分与内隐自尊得分无统计学意义相关(r=0.10,P=0.527)。高外显自尊两组NEO-FFI的神经质得分低于低外显自尊两组。高外显低内隐组的外向性得分高于高外显高内隐组和低外显低内隐组,开放性得分高于较低外显高内隐组,谨慎性得分高于低外显自尊两组。低外显高内隐组POMS-SF的抑郁-沮丧、愤怒-敌意、疲乏及迷惑-混乱得分均高于高外显自尊两组。外显自尊与外向性、开放性及精力得分呈正相关(r=0.40,0.34,0.34,均P0.05),而与神经质、抑郁-沮丧、疲乏得分呈负相关(r=-0.52,-0.35,-0.42,P0.01或0.05);内隐自尊与精力得分呈正相关(r=0.39,P0.01)。结论:职务犯罪服刑人员的外显自尊与内隐自尊是两个相互独立的结构,高外显自尊职务犯罪服刑人员的人格具有情绪相对稳定的特点,低外显高内隐自尊的服刑人员抑郁、愤怒、疲乏及迷惑等负性情绪相对较突出。

Self-esteem,personality and emotion situation in criminals taking advantage of duty

Objective: To explore the characteristics of explicit and implicit self-esteem in criminals taking advantage of duty and its difference in personality and emotion with different self-esteem structure.Methods: Totally 112 criminals taking advantage of duty in a prison were selected by convenient sampling.In the end,88 criminals were included and assessed with the Neuroticism Extraversion Openness Five-Factor Inventory(NEO-FFI),Rosenberg Self-esteem Scale(SES),Profile of Mood States-Short Form(POMS-SF),and Implicit Association Test.The valid subjects were divided into four groups by the average of SES and IAT,called higher explicit high implicit self-esteem group(n=13),high explicit low implicit self-esteem group(n=14),low explicit high implicit self-esteem group(n=12),and low explicit low implicit self-esteem group(n=12).Results: Fifty-one questionnaires were valid.In IAT,the reaction time in compatible experiment was shorter than that in incompatible experiment [(1143.5±337.7) ms vs.(1293.3±331.3) ms,P<0.05].There was no correlation between explicit self-esteem and implicit self-esteem(P>0.05).The scores of NEO-FFI’ s neuroticism were higher in the two high explicit self-esteem groups than in the other two low explicit self-esteem groups(Ps<0.05).For the high explicit low implicit self-esteem group,the scores of extraversion were higher than that in high explicit high implicit group and low explicit low implicit group,the scores of openness were higher than that in low explicit high implicit group,and the scores of conscientiousness were higher than that in the two low explicit self-esteem groups(Ps<0.05).For the low explicit high implicit group,the scores of depression-dejection,anger-hostility,fatigue-inertia and confusion-bewilderment were higher than those in the two high explicit self-esteem groups(Ps<0.05).The scores of explicit self-esteem were positively correlated with scores of extraversion,openness and vigor-activity(r=0.40,0.34,0.34,Ps<0.05),and negatively correlated with scores of neuroticism,depression-dejection,and fatigue-inertia(r=-0.52,-0.35,-0.42,Ps<0.05).The scores of implicit self-esteem were positively correlated with scores of vigor-activity(r=0.39,P<0.01).Conclusion: It suggests that the implicit self-esteem and explicit self-esteem of criminals taking advantage of duty may be two separate structures,and emotion in high explicit self-esteem criminals may be more stable and the negative emotions just like depression,anger,fatigue and confusion are prominent in high implicit low explicit self-esteem criminals.