生活定向测验在大学生中的信效度

目的:检验气质性乐观测量量表-生活定向测验(LOT)在大学生群体应用的信度和效度。方法:按量表双翻程序将LOT翻译成中文版。方便抽取479名大学生进行LOT测验。采用验证性因素分析对其结构效度进行分析,以生活满意度量表(SWLS)、积极-消极情感量表(PANAS)、Beck抑郁量表(BDI)作为校标工具。随机选取152名学生于初评2周后进行重测,以检验其重测效度。结果:LOT中文版共6个题项,所有题项的决断值(CR)均达到0.001的显著水平,每个题项与对应量表的相关系数在0.61～0.74之间。验证性因素分析表明,中国大学生的气质性乐观是2因素模型结构(χ2/df=1.90,RM-SEA=0.059,NNFI=0.92,CFI=0.96),由2个相对独立的乐观因子和悲观因子组成。气质性乐观因子与SWLS、积极情感得分呈正相关(r=0.22、0.28,均P0.01),与消极情感和BDI得分呈负相关(r=-0.17、-0.23,均P0.01),悲观因子与SWLS和积极情感得分呈负相关(r=-0.22,-0.23,均P0.01),与消极情感和BDI得分呈正相关(r=0.15、0.12,均P0.05)。量表两个因子的内部一致性信度Cronbachα系数分别是0.73和0.82,2周后的重测信度分别是0.76和0.79。结论:生活定向测验中文版具有较好的信度和效度,可用于评定中国大学生的气质性乐观水平。

Reliability and validity of the Life Oriention Test in college students

Objective:To examine the reliability and validity of a dispositional optimism scale,the Life Orientation Test(LOT),in Chinese college students.Methods:The Chinere Version of LOT was translated from English version and had same constructs to the original one.Totally 479 Chinese college students were selected and completed a battery of structured questionnaires,including the Chinese version of LOT,Satisfaction With Life Scale(SWLS),Positive Affect-Negative Affect Scale(PANAS),and Beck Depression Inventory(BDI).A lot of 152 students were selected randomly and assessed for the test-retest reliability.Results:The revised LOT scale consisted of 6 items and 2 subscales.All items’ critical ratio was significant at 0.001 level,and the factors loadings ranged from 0.61 to 0.74.Confirmatory factor analysis showed good fit two-factors models of one optimism factor and one pessimism factor(χ2/df=1.90,RMSEA=0.059,NNFI=0.92,CFI=0.96).The dispositional optimism factors were significantly correlated with the index of subjective well-being and depression,which were largely consistent to our expectation.The optimism factor scores were positively correlated with SWLS scores and PANAS’s "positive affect" scores(r=0.22,0.28,P<0.01),while negatively correlated with PANAS’ s "negative affect" and BDI scores(r=-0.17,-0.23,P<0.01).The pessimism factor scores were negatively correlated with SWLS scores and PANAS’ s "positive affect"(r=-0.22,-0.23,P<0.01),while positively correlated with PANAS’ s "negative affect" and BDI scores(r=0.15,0.12,P<0.05).The internal consistencies were good for subscales(Cronbach’ s alpha=0.73,0.82,respectively),and the two weeks test-retest reliability coefficients for subscales were 0.76 and 0.79.Conclusion:It suggests that the Chinese version of Life Orientation Test has good reliability and validity,and it could be used to assess the optimism of Chinese college students.