益生菌预防龋病的研究进展

龋病是影响居民生活质量的一个重要公共卫生问题,微生物是其发病的最重要因素。益生菌是一类对人体有益的微生物,能调节微生态的平衡,因而在龋病预防上具有较大的潜力。本文就益生菌的防龋机制、不同菌属益生菌的研究进展、益生菌的早期定植及益生菌的安全性等方面作一综述。文献复习结果显示,防龋益生菌可在口腔中定植,并通过抑制致龋菌的生长及调节宿主免疫等机制发挥防龋作用。目前用于预防龋病的益生菌多为益生性的乳酸杆菌、双歧杆菌及链球菌,益生菌对龋病的积极作用在多数临床试验中也得到证实。益生菌品种繁多且作用具有菌株特异性,所以选用菌株不同可能是造成部分临床试验未观察到防龋作用的原因,从口腔中分离定植能力及防龋效应强的潜在益生菌菌株是防龋益生菌的研究热点。

Research progress into probiotics for the prevention of dental caries

Caries is an important public health problem that affect the quality of life of residents, and microorganisms is the most important factor in its incidence. Probiotics are types of microorganisms that are beneficial to the human body and can regulate the microecological balance;thus, they have great potential for caries prevention. This paper reviews the caries prevention mechanism of probiotics, the research progress of probiotics of different genera, and the early colonization of probiotics and their safety. The literature review showed that probiotics aimed at caries prevention could colonize the oral cavity and played a role in caries prevention by inhibiting the growth of cariogenic bacteria and regulating host immunity. At present, probiotics used to prevent dental caries include probiotic Lactobacillus, Bifidobacterium and Streptococcus. The positive effect of probiotics on dental caries has been confirmed in most clinical trials. Because probiotics include a variety of strains with strain-specific functions, different strains may be the reason for the lack of caries prevention in some clinical trials. The potential probiotic strains with a strong colonization ability and caries prevention effect in the oral cavity are the research hotspots for caries prevention probiotics.