延吉市2~6岁儿童睡眠状况调查分析

目的:了解延边地区儿童睡眠状况,探讨提高儿童睡眠质量的措施。方法:应用澳大利亚悉尼大学儿童睡眠中心临床问卷的中国修订版,对延吉市2~6岁582名儿童的睡眠状况进行调查分析。结果:儿童全天睡眠时间均值为(10.98±0.96)h,各年龄组睡眠时间峰值位于10~12 h,各年龄组间差异非常显著(P<0.01);睡眠障碍总时点发病率为28.57%;睡眠障碍症状发病率前5位依次为睡眠不安(8.57%)、磨牙(5.54%)、张口呼吸(5.46%)、肢体抽动(5.36%)和打鼾(4.45%),而出生史异常、呼吸系统疾病、生活与睡眠环境不良、遗尿等是发生睡眠障碍的主要影响因素。结论:延吉市2~6岁儿童全天睡眠时间低于上海地区和国外儿童,但与北京地区儿童相近;睡眠障碍发病率位于京沪两地之间;做好孕期保健,为儿童提供良好的生活、睡眠环境,积极治疗有关疾病,能有效降低儿童睡眠障碍的发生。

A survey on sleep characteristics and sleep disorders in children from 2 to 6 years old in Yanji

Objective:To evaluate the sleep characteristics of children in Yanbian Area.Methods:582 children age 2 to 6 years old were investigated with questionnaire in Yanji.Results:The mean time of total sleep time in all children were(10.98±0.96)h,the kurtosis of sleep time in every group were(10-12)h,the difference in groups was remarkable.The total point prevalence was 28.57%,among which the prevalence of sleep inquietude(8.57%),molarteeth(5.54%),moth breathing(5.46%),memberspasm(5.36%),snoring(4.45%)took the first places.The main factors affecting the sleeping were suffering from disease at childbirth,diseases in breathing systerm,the bad living and sleeping environment,and bedwetting.Conclusion:The total sleep time in children from 2 to 6 years old in Yanji is lower than in Shanghai and some other countries,but it's similar to that in Beijing.The prevalence of sleep disorders in Yanji is between Beijing and Shanghai.Keeping healthy in the period before childbirth,providing a good environment for children's living and sleeping,curing the diseases positively can decrease the prevalence of sleep disorders effectively in children.