Dietary chloride as a possible determinant of the severity of exercise-induced asthma |
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Authors: | Mickleborough T D Gotshall R W Kluka E M Miller C W Cordain L |
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Institution: | (1) School of Sport Science, Physical Education and Recreation, University of Wales Institute, Cardiff, CF23 6XD, UK,;(2) Department of Health and Exercise Science, Colorado State University, Fort Collins, CO 80523-1582, USA,;(3) Department of Physiology, Colorado State University, Fort Collins, CO 80523-1582, USA, |
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Abstract: | Dietary sodium chloride (NaCl) has been shown to alter the severity of exercise-induced asthma, but it is not known if the
sodium and chloride ions have independent effects in this regard. The hypothesis tested in the present study was that both
a low sodium, low chloride diet and a high sodium, low chloride diet would improve post-exercise pulmonary function in subjects
with exercise-induced asthma (EIA) compared to a normal NaCl diet (NSD); but that neither of these diets would have an effect
on post-exercise pulmonary function in control (non-EIA) subjects. Eight subjects who suffered from EIA and eight subjects
who did not (control) took part in a double-blind crossover study. Pre- and post-exercise pulmonary function was assessed
after 2 weeks on a NSD, a low NaCl diet (LSD, low sodium, low chloride) or a sodium bicarbonate diet (NaHCO3 diet, high sodium, low chloride). A 1 week washout period occurred between diets. Altering dietary sodium or chloride had
no effect on pre-exercise (baseline) pulmonary function in either group or on post-exercise pulmonary function in control
subjects. However, both the LSD and the NaHCO3 diet lessened the deterioration in post-exercise pulmonary function in EIA subjects. Comparing results from pre- to post-exercise,
forced expiratory volume in 1 s (FEV1) at 15 min post-exercise differed significantly (P<0.05) between diets mean (SEM) 7 (4)% on the LSD, 14 (4)% on the NaHCO3 diet, and 19 (2)% on the NSD]. Similar patterns were observed for forced vital capacity (FVC), forced expiratory flow rate
at 25%–75% FVC and peak expiratory flow rate. The NaHCO3 diet lessened the deterioration of post-exercise pulmonary function, but not to the extent of LSD. These data suggest that
both sodium and chloride contribute to the worsening of EIA symptoms seen after consuming a normal or high NaCl diet.
Electronic Publication |
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Keywords: | Exercise induced bronchoconstriction Dietary salt Asthma Metabolic acidosis Eicosanoids |
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