Advances in osteoporosis: better identification of risk factors can reduce morbidity and mortality

Johnell O (Department of Orthopaedics, Malmö University Hospital, Malmö, Sweden). Advances in osteoporosis: better identification of risk factors can reduce morbidity and mortality (Review). J Intern Med 1996; 239: 299–304.
Osteoporosis is a common disease of postmenopausal women and the elderly. Low bone mass results from genetic, nutritional and lifestyle factors, decreased oestrogen levels, certain medical conditions, and the use of certain drugs. The overall incidence and age-and sex-related incidences of osteoporosis are increasing worldwide. Osteoporotic fractures can cause considerable pain, disability, loss of independence and deterioration in quality of life. Many patients lose the ability to perform the activities of daily living. Mortality and morbidity after hip fracture increase with age. Prevention of osteoporosis and osteoporotic fractures is an urgent priority to reduce the burden placed on health care and social welfare systems.