降压药对高血压病患者血内皮素,一氧化氮等的影响

为了解降压药物对高血压患者血内皮素、一氧化氮（ＮＯ）等的作用，对９０例原发性高血压（ＥＨ）患者，随机区组法分为３组，分别给予依那普利、美托洛尔及硝苯地平口服治疗。结果显示，治疗后三组收缩压、舒张压都有显著性下降（Ｐ＜０．０１），以依那普利组治疗后下降较为显著。随着血压的下降，三组血内皮素、ＮＯ、环磷酸鸟苷（ｃＧＭＰ）及丙二醛的变化出现了明显的差异，其中美托洛尔组各指标未出现显著性改变，硝苯地平组丙二醛显著下降（Ｐ＜０．０５），依那普利组血内皮素、丙二醛显著下降（Ｐ＜０．０１），ＮＯ、ｃＧＭＰ显著升高（Ｐ＜０．０１）。由此显示，依那普利不仅有较好的降压作用，也能有效地恢复血内皮素、ＮＯ、ｃＧＭＰ及丙二醛的代谢水平，反映依那普利和硝苯地平可能有较好的血管内皮保护功能。

EFFECT OF ANTIHYPERTENSIVE AGENTS ON PLASMA ENDOTHELIN, NITRIC OXIDE AND SO ON IN ESSENTIAL HYPERTENSION

Ninty patients with mild to moderate essential hypertension (EH) were randomly divided into three groups and treated with Enalapril (E), Metoprolol (M) and Nifedipine (N) respectively. After a six-week-treatment, SBP and DBP of each of the three groups decreased significantly (vs. pre-treatment, P < 0.001). Plasma concentration of ET, NO, cGAMP and MDA in group M remained unchanged, and that of MDA in group N, especially of the stage II EH, decreased remarkably (vs. pretreatment, P < 0.05; vs. that of stage I EH, P < 0.05). While that of ET, NO, cGMP, and MDA in group E changed significantly (vs. Pretreatment, P < 0.01) and that of ET and MDA of stage II EH in group E exhibited more remarkable changes (vs. that of stage I, P < 0.05). It is suggested that E, and at some degree N, may protect the vascular endothelium from being damaged in EH, and also may contribute to prevent EH from development.