新时代媒介生物传染病形势及防控对策

目的了解内蒙古自治区通辽市2017—2019年的蚊虫密度、季节变化及种类构成等，为蚊媒传染病的风险评估和预警，蚊媒控制规划、精准实施和效果评价提供依据。方法采用诱蚊灯法在通辽市的公园、医院、居民区和农户、牛棚等生态环境进行蚊虫密度监测，比较分析不同种类、不同生态环境、不同地理区域蚊虫的密度变化规律。结果3年共捕获成蚊3 358只，淡色库蚊为优势蚊种(占99.2%)，其次为三带喙库蚊(占0.7%)和中华按蚊(占0.1%)。蚊虫季节消长曲线基本呈单峰型，高峰期主要集中在7—9月。牛棚的蚊虫密度最高，为6.71只/(灯·夜)；医院最低，为0.99只/(灯·夜)。城乡地区秋季的蚊虫密度均高于夏季，城镇与农村不同季节的蚊虫分布差异有统计学意义(χ²=4.65，P < 0.05)。结论淡色库蚊是通辽市的优势蚊种，农村是蚊类侵害高发场所，应加强农村的卫生宣教，大力开展蚊类防治工作。

Monitoring mosquitoes in urban Dar es Salaam: evaluation of resting boxes,window exit traps,CDC light traps,Ifakara tent traps and human landing catches

ObjectiveTo understand the species composition, density and seasonal variation of adult mosquitoes in Tongliao City of Inner Mongolia Autonmous Region from 2017 to 2019, and to provide scientific data for risk assessment and prediction of mosquito-borne diseases, mosquito-borne control planning, precise implementation and effect evaluation.MethodsThe density of adult mosquitoes was monitored in parks, hospitals, residential areas, farmers and cattle sheds in Tongliao by using the light trap method.ResultsA total of 3 358 adult mosquitoes were captured, including Anopheles sinensis, Culex tritaeniorhynchus and Culex quinquefasciatus with Culex quinquefasciatus as the dominant species.The change curve of adult mosquito density with season showed a single peak, and the peak period was from July to September.The density of adult mosquito in cattle shed was the highest (6.71 per night), and that in hospital was the lowest (0.99 per night).The difference between urban and rural areas in seasonal distribution of adult mosquitoes was statistically significant (χ²=4.65, P < 0.05).ConclusionCulex pipiensquinquefasciatus is the dominant mosquito species in the local area, and the villages are the places with high incidence of mosquito infestation.