毛大丁草根止咳化痰活性成分的研究

目的 :研究毛大丁草根的止咳化痰作用及其有效部位的化学成分。方法 :将毛大丁草根用乙醇提取 ,乙酸乙酯萃取 ,经硅胶柱层析得到红色挥发性油状成分 (G₄)。用GC-MS技术 ,对其化学成分进行分析和鉴定 ,计算各组分的相对含量。用氨水刺激法进行小鼠止咳试验 ,用酚红排泄法进行化痰试验。结果 :G₄共分离出 4种主要成分 ,分别为石竹烯 (15.160% )、氧化石竹烯 (21.140)、环氧化马儿铃烯 (2.6 73% )、6-乙酰基 2 ,2-二甲基-8(3-甲基-2-丁烯基 )-2H-苯并呋喃 (60.077% )。G⁴灌胃 2000mg·kg^-1时对小鼠止咳作用的R值为 162 .26 ,属显效 ;灌胃2000和1000mg·kg^-1时的化痰率分别 189.16%和 187.15%。结论 :首次从毛大丁草根中分离筛选出有良好止咳化痰活性成分 ,并分析了其主要化学组成。

The Antitussive and De-sputum Essential Substance from the Root of Gerbera piloselloides and Its Analytical Compositions

OBJECTIVE: To study the chemical constituents of the essential substance from the root of Gerbera piloselloides and its antitussive and de-sputum effects. METHOD: The essential substance (G4) was extracted from the root by alcohol and ethyl acetate, then it was separated by silica gel column eluted by the mixture of ethyl acetate and petroleum ether (5:95). Its chemical components were separated and identified by GC-MS. Its antitussive and de-sputum effect was tested by mice. RESULT: 4 main peaks were separated and identified by GS-MS. They are beta-caryophyllene (15.160%), caryophyllene oxide (21.140%), aristolenepoxide (2.673%) and 6-acetyl-2,2-dimethyl-8(3-methyl-2-butenyl)-2H-chromoene (60.077%) respectively. Its antitussive and de-sputum effect was prominent when the mice was given G4 2,000 mg.kg-1 ig. CONCLUSION: Itis the first time that the antitussive and de-sputum essential substance was separated from the root of Gerbera piloselloides and its main compositions were analyzed.