抽动障碍儿童家庭、社会适应能力及行为的研究

为探讨抽动障碍儿童与正常儿童在家庭、社会适应能力及行为心理方面的异同,采用自制定向问卷对80例抽动患儿和100例正常儿童进行调查,内容包括三方面共17项。对调查结果应用Epi info Version统计软件包进行分析。结果显示,在家庭状况方面。抽动患儿和正常儿童在其家庭类型上几乎无差异,但前者神经精神阳性家族史显著高于后者(X_(MH)~2=8.93,P<0.05),在家庭教育上,抽动组家长以打骂、训斥为主的教育方式远较正常组高;在社会适应能力方面,抽动患儿与正常儿童相比,较多的表现为结识新友难,在校成绩相对较差,容易产生孤独感(t值=4.38,P<0.01);在行为问题上,抽动患儿更多的伴随多动注意障碍、攻击行为、精神紧张等。提示家族阳性神经精神病史、父母教养不当、社会适应能力欠佳、行为心理问题较多等与抽动障碍密切相关,并在该症的发病过程中起重要作用,应引起重视。

Investigation of family, social adaptability and individual behavior in children with Tourette's syndrome

To explore the difference of family, social adaptability and individual behavior between children with Tourette's syndrome and normal children, the questionnaire investigation was undertaken in 80 cases with Tourette's syndrome and 100 normal children. A total of 17 questions of three items were involved in the questionnaire. Statistical software of Epi info Version was used to analyze the investigated results. The results showed that the family environment was similar either sick or normal children. However, the occurrence of mental diseases was more often seen in the families with sick children. At the family education, the parents with sick children usually educated their child in a way of rebuke and strike. At the social adaptability, the sick children were usually difficult to know new friends and felt solitude frequently. Their learning scores were usually poor. At the individual behavior, the sick children usually manifested lacking attention, aggressive behavior and tensional emotion. It is suggested that many factors can correlate closely with Tourette's syndrome, including the familial history of the mental diseases, the improper way of the family education, and the weakness of the social adaptability and some problems of the behavioral psychology in sick children. These factors play probably an important role for the onset of the disease. It will be necessary to pay attention to these factors in the children with Tourette's syndrome.