Idiopathic ulcerative proctitis. Clinical presentation and endoscopic outcome

Endoscopic information was obtained for 52 patients with ulcerative proctitis (23 F, 29 H) seen during a ten-year period. The median follow-up was 68 +/- 8 months. During the first referral period (38 patients experienced a first attack), endoscopic particularities were available: inflammation involved the anal mucosa above the dental line (n = 16), the whole circumference of rectal mucosa (n = 19) or the anterior wall exclusively (n = 33). The upper limit was 12.2 +/- 0.6 cm from the anal verge. Inflammatory lesions were higher in circumferencial conditions, when patients were older (late onset disease) but sex and ethnic state did not influence results of endoscopic presentation. Exulcerations or superficial ulcers were visualized in 16 and spontaneous bleeding in 43. Forty-five patients achieved clinical accuracy after 9.4 +/- 1 ms, but 32 only a complete endoscopic remission. Mean number of relapses was 3.6 +/- 0.4; 13 patients experienced a single attack. During relapses, inflammation was stable in 11 of 38 patients. Extension to the rectum in rectosigmoid junction, and sigmoid and above by 6, 14, and 7 patients respectively. After 5 years follow-up, the cumulative risk of further extension was 37 percent and 13 percent, respectively. Low abdominal pain, an family history of ulcerative colitis, and high inflammatory lesions at referral were significantly associated with a higher risk of extension. Cancer did not occur and not surgery was necessary during the follow-up. Idiopathic proctitis is perhaps at the "benign end" of the spectrum of ulcerative colitis. Nevertheless, its endoscopic particularities should be noticed.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)