广西桂林地区儿童9 种呼吸道病原体感染的检测结果分析

目的　分析广西桂林地区呼吸道感染患儿病原体分布情况及流行病学特点，有助于临床医生对儿童呼吸道感染 疾病的诊治。方法　采集桂林市人民医院2018 年9 月~2019 年8 月1 737 例因呼吸道感染住院患儿血清标本，采用间 接免疫荧光法（IFA）联合检测血清中呼吸道九种病原体IgM 抗体，包括:嗜肺军团菌-IgM（LP-IgM）、肺炎支原体-IgM （MP-IgM）、Q 热立克次体-IgM（COX-IgM）、肺炎衣原体-IgM（CP-IgM）、腺病毒-IgM（ADV-IgM）、呼吸道合 胞病毒-IgM（RSV-IgM）、甲型流感病毒-IgM（IFA-IgM）、乙型流感病毒-IgM（IFB-IgM）及副流感病毒-IgM（PIV-IgM）, 比较各种病原体在不同年龄段、月份、性别的分布情况，对病原体感染特点进行统计学分析和卡方检验。结果　在检 测的1 737 例患儿中，总阳性率为45.94%，MP-IgM 阳性率最高为30.74%；各年龄组间比较，其中IFB-IgM，RSV-IgM 和MP-IgM 阳性检出率差异均有统计学意义（χ2=26.033~120.807，均P <0.001），MP-IgM 呈现患儿年龄越大阳性检出 率越高的趋势，而RSV-IgM 呈现患儿年龄越小阳性检出率越高的趋势；性别间比较，其中ADV-IgM，IFB-IgM 和MPIgM 阳性检出率差异均有统计学意义（χ2=4.862 ～ 35.759，均P <0.05），女性患儿阳性率均比男性患儿高。结论　桂 林地区儿童九种呼吸道病原体感染以MP 为主，并且病原体感染均具有年龄和性别分布的特点。

Study on the Results of Nine Respiratory Tract Pathogens Infection in Children in Guilin,Guangxi

Objective　To analysis the clinical distribution and epidemiological characteristics respiratory tract pathogen infection in children in Guilin Area,so as to help the clinical diagnosis and treatment of respiratory tract infection in children. Methods　Serum samples of 1737 hospitalized children with respiratory tract infection from September 2018 to August 2019 in Guilin People's Hospital were collected . They were detected for the IgM antibodies of nine respiratory tract pathogens ,including Legionella pneumophila(LP-IgM),Mycoplasma pneumophila(MP-IgM),Coxiellaburneti(COX-IgM),Chlamydia pneumophila(CPIgM), adenovirus(ADV-IgM),respiratory syncytial virus(RSV-IgM),influenza A virus(IFA-IgM),influenza B(IFB-IgM) and parainfluenza virus(PIV-IgM) by indirect immunofluorescence assay.Comparing the distribution of children with age, months and gender,the results were adopted for statistical analysis. Results　Among the 1 737 child patients, the total positive rate was 45.94%,and the highest positive rate was found in MP-IgM. Comparison among age groups,the positive rates of IFB IgM, RSV IgM and MP IgM were significantly different (χ2 = 26.033~120.807, P< 0.001）.MP IgM showed that the older the children were, the higher the positive rate was, while RSV IgM showed that the younger the children were, the higher the positive rate was, but RSV-IgM was the opposite. Compared the girls and boys, ADV-IgM,IFB-IgM and MP-IgM had statistical significant （χ2=4.862~35.759，P<0.05）, girls positive detection rate were higher than boys. Conclusion　MP are the main respiratory tract pathogens in children in Guilin, and the infection is related to months，ageand gender．