深圳市未婚外来女工生殖健康社区干预效果评价

目的了解深圳市宝安区沙井街道未婚外来女工生殖健康的需求和现状,探索有效的社区干预措施模式,从而提高其生殖健康水平。方法 2011年1月—2012年1月采取整群抽样的方法,抽取深圳市宝安区沙井街道2个超过1 000名女工的工厂作为调查点,采用自行设计的调查表对工厂未婚外来女工进行问卷调查并进行社区干预,对干预措施实施前后的2次调查表进行统计学分析。结果通过社区干预措施后,未婚外来女工的各项生殖健康知识知晓率明显提高(均P<0.05),月经期性生活(从干预前的41.2%下降到干预后的5.2%)和人工流产(从干预前的32.9%下降到干预后的6.1%)等不安全性行为明显降低(均P<0.05),自我保健意识明显增强。结论绝大多数未婚外来女工生殖保健知识水平低,需要社区干预,通过健康教育宣传普及外来女工的生殖健康知识,对提高外来女工的生殖健康水平意义重大。

Evaluation on community health intervention for the reproductive health of unmarried female migra.nt workers in Shenzhen city

Objective To Understand the needs and the status of reproductive health among unmarried female migrant workers in Shajing street, Shenzhen city and to explore an effective community health intervention mode, so as to improve their reproductive health. Methods From January 2011 to January 2012, the method of cluster sampling was used to choose two factories in Shajing street as the survey points that the number of female workers was over 1000 for each. Self - designed questionnaire was used to carry out a survey on the unmarried women workers and community health interventions were given at the same time. The data were statistically analyzed before and after interventions. Results After community health interventions, unmarried female migrant workers had significantly improved their awareness of reproductive health（P 〈 0.05）. Unsafe sexual behaviors such as sex during menses and abortion were significantly decreased （for sex during menses, decreased from 41.2% to 5.2% ; for abortion, decreased from 32.9% to 6. 1% ） , and their self - care aware- ness significantly enhanced（P 〈 0.05）. Conclusions Most unmarried female migrant workers have little knowledge of re- productive health and therefore they are in need of community health interventions. Providing female migrant workers with knowledge of reproductive health through health education is of great significance, for it can improve the reproductive health of them.