藏族与汉族中老年人结膜囊细菌状况对照研究

背景 流行病学调查结果显示,不同民族结膜囊的菌种分布有所不同,可能与其居住环境有关.了解不同民族结膜囊菌种的分布特点对感染性眼病的防治具有重要意义.目的 了解藏族与汉族中老年人结膜囊细菌状况的异同.方法 整群抽取四川甘孜州康定县、九龙县各1个藏族聚居地40岁以上藏族人群145人,九龙县1个及康定县2个汉族聚居地汉族人群173人,共计346眼进行调查,取结膜囊分泌物进行细菌培养及分离鉴定,比较藏族与汉族人群的检查结果.结果 受试的藏族和汉族人群的性别及年龄的差异均无统计学意义(x2=0.987,P=0.320;t=1.142,P=0.254),两组人群农牧民和非农业人口构成比的差异有统计学意义(x2=8.557,p=0.000).藏族人群结膜囊细菌培养阳性率为50.7％,汉族为60.4％,藏族人群结膜囊细菌培养阳性率低于汉族,差异有统计学意义(x2 =6.042,P=0.014).藏族结膜囊多种细菌共存者占11.6％,汉族为11.0％,差异无统计学意义(x2=0.027,P=0.869);藏族人群结膜囊中表皮葡萄球菌培养的阳性率为26.6％,汉族人群为33.2％,差异无统计学意义(x2=3.350,P=0.060)；藏族人群结膜囊内棒状杆菌培养的阳性率为15.9％,汉族人群为17.3％；差异无统计学意义(x2=0.248,P=0.618).结论 四川甘孜州藏区藏族中老年人结膜囊细菌培养阳性率较汉族中老年人低,藏族和汉族中老年人结膜囊的细菌的种类及分布相似.

Comparative study on bacterial species in conjunctival sac between the Tibetan minority and Han nationality

Background Epidemiological surveys showed that the types of bacteria are different in the conjunvical sac from different nationalities, which possibly is associated with living environment. To characterize the types of conjunctival bacteria involved is important for the prevention and treatment of infectious eye diseases. Objective The present survey was to obtain data about bacterial species in the conjunctival sac in the Tibetan minority population aged over 40 years old and compared with the matched Hart nationality population. Methods The standardized training and protocol were performed before this survey. A total of 290 eyes of 145 individuals from the Tibetan minority and 346 eyes of 173 subjects from the Han nationality were enrolled in this study in Ganzi Autonomous Prefecture, who had received questionnaire surveys and ophthalmological examinations. The secretion of the inferior palpebral conjunctival sac was embrocated and inoculated and grown on blood plates for 48-72 hours. The bacteria were isolated and identified. This study was approved by the Medical Ethic Committee of the Sichuan People Hospital. Oral informed consent was obtained from the subjects. Results No significant differences were seen in the constituent ratio of the gender as well as the age between the Tibetan minority and Han nationality in this study （X^2 =0. 987,P=0. 3202;t= 1. 142,P=0. 254）. There was a significant difference in the proportions of farmers and herdsmen between the two groups （X^2 = 8. 557, P = O. 000）. The positive rate of bacterial cultivation in Tibetan individuals was 50.74% , showing a statistically significant decrease in comparison with the Han people （60.4%）（X^2= 6. 042,P= O. 014）. There was no statistical difference in the multiple bacterial species between the two groups （ 11.0% in Tibetan ,l l. 6% in Hart people） （X^2 = 0. 0271, P = 0. 869 ）. The rate of staphylococcus ep[demtcs was 26.6% in the Tibetan minority and that of Han population was 33.2% ,without a significant difference between them （X^2 =3. 350,P=0. 060）. No significant difference was seen in the ratio of corynbacterium infection between the two population（ 15.9% vs. 17.3% ） （X^2 = 0. 248, P = 0. 618 ）. Conclusions The ratio of bacterial cultivation in Tibetans is statistically lower than that of the Han people. The types and distribution of bacteria are similar in the Tibetan and Han nationality.