泻心汤配伍理论实验研究

目的: 探讨泻心汤配伍合理性及其可能机制。 方法: 运用正交设计探讨泻心汤各组分对小鼠的急性毒性作用及相互关系。 结果: 体内研究发现黄连、大黄对小鼠ig均有一定的急性毒性作用,测得其小鼠ig大黄的半数致死量(LD₅₀)按生药计为48.92 g/kg;小鼠ig黄连的LD₅₀按生药计为2 047.9 mg/kg;黄芩对小鼠无明显急性毒性作用,未测出其小鼠口服LD₅₀。利用正交设计,以死亡率为指标观察泻心汤各组分对小鼠的急性毒性作用,结果显示:黄连是泻心汤中的主要有毒物质;大黄有降低黄连急性毒性作用的趋势,但作用明显弱于黄芩;黄芩可显著降低黄连的急性毒性,是泻心汤中的主要解毒物质,这可能是泻心汤在临床应用中表现出较小毒性的重要原因。 结论: 泻心汤中黄连具有一定的急性毒性,黄芩则是其解毒物质,该方的配伍从某种程度上达到了解毒的目的,具有良好的科学性,其解毒的机制可能与黄连中的生物碱能与黄芩苷或大黄蒽醌生成沉淀有关。

Study on interactions among drugs in Xiexin decoction

Objective: To study on the compatibility between Rheum palmatum L., Coptis chinensis Franch. and Scutellaria Georgi in Xiexin decoction. Method: Mice were ig the extractives of the Rheum palmatum L., Coptis chinensis Franch or Scutellaria Georgi to determine the acute toxicity. Result: The extractives of Rheum palmatum L.or Coptis chinensis Franch had some acute toxicity when they was used alone, and the LD₅₀ of Rheum palmatum L. was 48.92 g/kg, Coptis chinensis Franch was 2 047.9 mg/kg; and the extractives of Scutellaria Georgi had little acute toxicity to mice. But Scutellaria Georgi could significantly decrease the acute toxicity of Coptis chinensis Franch when they were used together. Conclusion: In Xiexin decoction, the acute toxicity of Coptis chinensis Franch may be decreased by Scutellaria Georgi, the mechanism may be related to the reactions between the alkaloid of Coptis chinensis Franch and flavone of Scutellaria Georgi. Perhaps this is the reason why Xiexin Decoction has little acute toxicity on clinical.