肝癌自发破裂早期死亡危险因素分析及治疗

目的 分析影响肝癌自发破裂患者早期死亡的危险因素并提出治疗方案.方法 回顾性总结1999年1月至2006年1月28例肝癌自发破裂患者的临床资料,分析影响其在早期(≤30d)死亡的各种因素,观察不同治疗方案的疗效.结果 28例患者,早期死亡11例,病死率39%.单因素分析提示休克、肝功能Child C级、Hb、ALT和输血量与患者早期病死率相关(x2=3.020,13.741,Z=-2.059,-2.210,-4.153,P<0.05).多因素分析肝功能Child C级和输血量为影响患者早期死亡的独立危险因素.按不同治疗方法分4组:肝切除组(8例)、手术止血组(7例)、肝动脉栓塞组(7例)、保守治疗组(6例).肝切除组患者早期死亡人数明显少于其余3组,而中位生存时间长于其余3组(x2=8.098,8.098,15.025,Z=-3.127,-2.840,-3.004,P<0.05).结论 肝癌自发破裂早期的高病死率与患者极差的肝功能储备和急剧大量的失血有关.肝切除是较好的治疗方法.

Early mortality of patients with spontaneously ruptured hepatocellular carcinoma: risk factors and treatment regimens

Objective To investigate the risk factors associated with early mortality (within 30 days) of patients with spontaneously ruptured hepatocellular carcinoma (SRHCC) and assess the efficacies of different treatment regimens. Methods The clinical data of 28 patients with SRHCC who had been admitted to our hospital from January 1999 to January 2006 were retrospectively analyzed. Multiple factors that might cause early mortality were determined, and the efficacies of different treatment regimens were assessed. Results Eleven patients died within 30 days. with the mortality rate of 39%. Univariate analysis showed that shock, Child C status, hemoglobin. ALT, and volume of blood transfusion were associated with early mortality (X2=3.020, 13.741, Z=-2.059, -2.210, -4.153, P<0.05). Child C status and volume of blood transfusion were the independent risk factors. All the patients were divided into hepatectomy group (8 cases), surgical hemostasis group (7 cases), transarterial embolization group (7 cases) and conservative group (6 cases). Patients in hepatectomy group had a better 30-day and median time survival rate compared with those in the other 3 groups (X2=8.098, 8.098, 15.025, Z=-3.127, -2.840, -3.004, P<0.05). Conclusions Poor hepatic functional reserve and severe hemorrhage are closely associated with early mortality of patients with SRHCC. Hepatectomy is a better choice for SRHCC.