深圳早产儿视网膜病变筛查结果分析

目的 了解深圳地区三间医院早产儿视网膜病变（ROP）发病情况。方法 2004年 1月至2007年1月，对深圳市人民医院、深圳市妇幼保健院和深圳市眼科医院三间医院出生体重<2000g的早产儿或根据儿科医生的要求超过以上标准但患有严重疾病的早产儿共1372例2744只眼采用双目间接检眼镜和（或）广角数码儿童视网膜成像系统（RetCamII）进行 ROP筛查，发现阈值或阈值前期Ⅰ型ROP及时进行冷冻或激光 光 凝治疗。所有患儿随访至视网膜完全血管化或病变退化。结果 所有早产儿中218例436只眼发生ROP，发病率15.9％，其中阈值或阈值前期Ⅰ型ROP190只眼，发病率6.9％；4~5期ROP 16只眼，发病率0.6%；未到阈值或阈值前期Ⅰ型ROP 230只眼，发病率8.4 %。出生体重≤1500 g者435例870只眼，占所有筛查对象的31.7％；236只眼发生ROP，发病 率27.1%：其中阈值或阈值前期Ⅰ型ROP 126只眼，发病率14.5％；4~5期ROP10只眼，发病 率1.1%，未到阈值或阈值前期Ⅰ型ROP 100只眼，发病率11.5%。出生体重≤1250 g者274 只眼，占所有筛查对象的10％；108只眼发生ROP，发病率39.4%：其中阈值或阈值前期Ⅰ型 RO P 60只眼，发病率21.9%；4~5期ROP 4只眼，发病率1.4%；未到阈值或阈值前期Ⅰ型ROP 4 4 只眼，发病率16％。所有早产儿、出生体重≤1500g者和出生体重≤1250g者的RO P发病率（χ²=60.43，P<0.001）、阈值或阈 值前期Ⅰ型ROP发病率（χ²=46.82，P<0001）和未到阈值或阈值前期Ⅰ型ROP发病 率 （χ²=10.71，P=0.005）比较，差异均有统计学意义。结论 深圳地区三间医院早产儿ROP的总体发生率较 低，但需要治疗的阈值或阈值前期Ⅰ型重症ROP发病率高。出生体重是影响ROP发病 率的重要因素。

Screening results of retinopathy of prematurity in preterm infants in 3 hospitals in Shenzhen

Objective To learn the screening results of retinopathy o f prematur ity (ROP) of the preterm infants in three hospitals in Shenzhen. Metho ds From Jan. 2004 to Jan. 2007, 1372 preterm infants (2744 eyes) with birth weight <200 0 g or but the ones having severe systemic disease in Shenzhen People's Hospita l, Shenzhen Maternity and Child Healthcare Hospital and Shenzhen Eye Hospital we re screened for ROP with binocular indirect ophthalmoscope and (or) wide field digital pediatric retinal imaging system (RetCamII). Cryotherapy or laser photoco agulation was performed if threshold or pre-threshold type I ROP was found. All preterm infants were followed up until retina is completely vascularized or the disease regressed. Results In all the infants, 218 cases (436 eyes) (15.9％) developed ROP, including 190 eyes (6.9％) suffering from threshold or pre-threshold type 1 ROP, 16 eyes (0.6％) from stage 4 or stage 5, and 230 eyes (8.4％) from stages below threshold or pre-threshold type 1 ROP. There were 435 infants ( 870 eyes) (31.7%) with BW of 1500g or less, in which 236 eyes (27.1％) developed ROP, including 126 eyes (14.5％) suffering from threshold or pre-threshold type 1 ROP, 10 eyes (1.1％) from stage 4 or stage 5, and 100 eyes (11.5％) from stages below threshold or pre-threshold type 1 ROP. There were 137 infants 274 eyes (10%) with BW of 1250g or less, in which 108 eyes (39.4％) developed ROP, including 60 eyes (21.9％) suffering from th reshold or pre-threshold type 1 ROP, 4 eyes (1.4％) from stage 4 or stage 5, and 44 eyes (16％) from stages below threshold or pre-threshold type 1 ROP. Th eincidence of ROP（χ²=60.43，P<0.001）, the incidence of threshold or pre-threshold type 1 ROP（χ²=46.82，P<0.001）and the incidence of below threshold or pre-threshold type 1 ROP （χ²=10.71，P=0.005）among the total group, BW≤1500g group and BW≤1250g group had statistical differences. Conclusions The incidence of ROP in the three hospitals in Shenzhen was lower. However, the incidence of severe ROP (threshold or pre-threshold type 1 ROP) was higher. Birth weight is an important factor to affect ROP incidence.