朱砂对孕大鼠母体及胚胎-胎仔发育的毒性作用

目的:观察大鼠妊娠第6～15天用朱砂连续给药对孕大鼠母体及胚胎-胎仔的毒性影响。方法:雌性SD大鼠确认受孕后按体质量随机分为阴性对照组、环磷酰胺阳性对照组(10 mg/kg)、朱砂低、中、高(0.1,0.3,1 g/kg)剂量组,共5组。分别给予相应药物干预。妊娠第20天处死解剖,检查孕鼠肝肾功能、骨髓增生及朱砂高剂量组脏器病理,观察并记录胎仔活胎数、死胎数(含吸收胎)、畸胎数、胎仔总重、胎盘重量、胎仔性别等。每窝胎仔中取1/2进行Bouin液固定及染色,用于内脏检查;另取1/2进行骨骼染色,用于骨骼畸形情况的观察。结果:朱砂低、中、高3个剂量组对孕鼠肝肾功能、骨髓细胞和主要脏器均无明显的毒性作用;对胚胎形成和胎仔的一般生长发育等观察指标无明显影响,但在晚期胚胎流失率(朱砂低剂量组)、胎仔体质量和胎仔身长(朱砂高剂量组)等指标方面与阴性组比较差异有统计学意义;内脏检查和骨骼检查未见明显畸形。结论:朱砂对孕大鼠母体无明显毒性作用,对胚胎-胎仔发育有轻微的毒性影响。

Toxicity of Cinnabar on Pregnant Rats and Embryo-Fetal Development

Objective：To observe the toxicity of cinnabar on pregnant rats and their embryos which were treated by cinnabar from the sixth day to the fifteenth day after pregnancy.Methods：Female pregnant SD rats were randomly divided into five groups based on body weight：the negative control group（0.5% CMC）,the cyclophosphamide positive control group（10 mg·kg-1）,and the low-,medium-and high-dose cinnabar groups（0.1,0.3,1.0 g·kg-1）.The rats were sacrificed on the twentieth day of pregnancy.The hepatic and renal function,myelosis and pathological changes of internal organs of all the pregnant rats were examined,and the number of living and death fetus（including absorbed fetus） and terata,the total weight of fetuses and placentas,and the gender of fetus were observed and recorded.The fetuses in each group were divided into two parts：one half part was soaked in Bouin liquid to examine the viscera deformity;the other half part was used to examine the skeleton deformity.Results：There were no significant toxicological effects on the liver and kidney function,bone marrow cells and main organs of pregnant rats in low,medium and high dose cinnabar groups,and also no significant toxicity on the embryogenesis and the general development indexes of fetuses.But there were statistical differences on late phase embryonic lose rate（in low dose cinnabar group） and the weight and length of fetus bodies（in high dose cinnabar group） between different dose cinnabar groups and negative control group.No obvious deformities of the fetal viscera and skeleton were found.Conclusion：There were no obvious toxicities on pregnant rats which were administered by cinnabar,but there were mild toxicities on embryo-fetal development.