进口废旧物品中病原微生物污染状况的研究

[目的]了解进口废旧物品中病原微生物污染状况,以建立风险分析与评估体系,制定科学的卫生除害处理方法,有效防止病原微生物传入我国,保护我国人民群众的身体健康和环境卫生.[方法]参考有关国家标准,采用进口显色培养基,取样品分别进行沙门菌、志贺菌、致泻大肠埃希菌、霍乱弧菌、金黄色葡萄球菌、绿脓杆菌、蜡样芽胞杆菌、霉菌等分离、生化及血清学鉴定.[结果]检测废塑料、废纸、废铝、废铜线、废铜碎料、不锈纲碎废片6类样品共765份,检出沙门菌90株,检出率11.76%;致泻大肠埃希菌75株,检出率9.80%;绿脓杆菌354株,检出率46.27%;金黄色葡萄球菌390株,检出率50.98%;溶血性链球菌45株,检出率5.88%;蜡样芽胞杆菌372株,检出率48.63%;志贺菌、霍乱弧菌、空肠弯曲菌均未检出.6类废旧物品中平均菌落总数最高的达510000个/g,大肠菌群数最高的达24000个/100g,霉菌数最高的达3500个/g.[结论]6类进口废旧物品中病原微生物污染状况比较严重,应加强进口废旧物品的卫生检疫、卫生处理和卫生监督等工作.

A Study on Pollution of Pathogenic Microorganism in Imported Recyclable Waste Materials

ObjectiveTo stndy pathogenic microorganisms about imported recyclable waste materials,and to establish a hazard analysis and evaluation system with regard to controll and prevention of pathogenic microorganisms carried by recyclable waste materials, at the same time to protect the public health and environment effectively. MethodsThe microorganisms, including Salmonella, Shigella, E.coli O157, Cholera, Staphylococcus aureus, Pseudonomas aeruginosa,Bacillus cereus,and fungus were isolated and identified by using the methods of culture, biochemistry and serology. ResultsThere were 90 strains of Salmonella,75 strains of E.coli,354 strains of Pseudonomas aeruginosa,390 strains of Staphylococcus aureus,45 strains of Streptococcus hemolyticus,372 strains of Bacillus cereus to be isolated from 765 samples of imported recyclable waste plastic, paper, aluminium, copper and stainless steel. The rates of inspection about different pathogenic microorganisms were 11.76%, 9.8%, 46.27%, 50.98%, 5.88%, 48.63% respectively. The Shigella, Cholera and Campylobacter jejuni were not isolated. ConclusionSince 6 kinds of recyclable waste materials are contaminated seriously by pathogenic microorganisms, we should take action to intensify through the sanitation quarantine, disposing and supervision to recyclable waste materials.