147株住院病人呼吸道念珠菌感染的鉴定及耐药性分析

目的：对147株呼吸道分离的念珠菌进行鉴定和药敏试验，为临床提供参考。方法：采用科玛嘉显色培养基对分离的147株念珠菌进行菌种鉴定，并用Roseo商品化纸片进行耐药性分析。结果：呼吸道念珠菌感染中以白色念珠菌为主占75．5％，非白色念珠菌感染呈上升趋势。两性霉素，制霉菌素耐药率最低为6．1％，3．4％。其次伊曲康唑为17．0％。氟康唑耐药率最高，为57．1％。克柔念珠菌是耐药性较强的念珠菌，依次是光滑念珠菌，热带念珠菌。非白色念珠菌与白色念珠菌相比耐药率有显著差异（P〈0．01）。有38．7％的念珠菌对2种及2种以上抗真菌药物耐药。结论：广谱抗生素，免疫抑制剂和抗肿瘤药物的广泛应用，增加了念珠菌感染机会，应加强念珠菌的检测和耐药性分析，以指导临床合理用药。

Identification of Breathing Tract Candida and the Analysis of Antimicrobial Susceptibility

Objective: To identify 147 strains of breathing tract fungus and to detect their drug susceptibity for clinical reference.Methods: Identification of isolated fungi was performed by CHRM agar medium.The analysis of resistance to antifungal agents by Rosco Disk Diffusion test.Results: The main strain isolated from 147 strains of breating tract Candida was C.albicans(75.5%).The trend of no C.albicans was up-wards.Resistance to Amphotricim B,Nystation was observed in 6.1% and 3.4%.Resistance to Itraconazole was observed in 17.0%,the resistance to Fluconazole was the hightest(57.1%).the resistance of C.krusei to antitumour drug was the strongest.in turn Candida glarate,Candida trapicalis.The resistance of no C.albicans more than C.albicans(P<0.01).Resistance to 2 and>2 antitumour drug was observed in 38.7%.Conclusion: By abusing broad antibiotic,immunity inhibitor and antitumour drugs,the chang of fungus infection was increased.The isolation of fungi and the antifungal sensitivity test should be strengthened in order to guide clinical selection of the reasonable antibiotic.