CD4+ CCR5+ and CD4+ CCR3+ lymphocyte subset and monocyte apoptosis in patients with acute visceral leishmaniasis |
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Authors: | Potestio Marcella D'Agostino Pietro Romano Giuseppina Colonna Milano Salvatore Ferlazzo Viviana Aquino Alessandra Di Bella Gloria Caruso Rosalba Gambino Giuseppe Vitale Giustina Mansueto Serafino Cillari Enrico |
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Affiliation: | Department of BioPathology and BioMedical Methodologies, University of Palermo, Palermo, Italy. |
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Abstract: | The potential involvement of apoptosis in the pathogenesis of visceral leishmaniasis (VL) was examined by studying spontaneous and Leishmania antigen (LAg)-induced apoptosis using cryopreserved peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMC) of Sicilian patients with VL. Results indicate that monocytes and T lymphocytes from acute VL patients show a significantly higher level of apoptosis compared with that observed in healed subjects. The percentage of apoptotic cells was higher in monocytes than in T lymphocytes. T cells involved in programmed cell death (PCD) were mainly of the CD4(+) phenotype. In particular, the T helper 1-type (Th1) subset, as evaluated by chemokine receptor-5 (CCR5) expression, is involved in this process. Cell death in Th1-type uses a CD95-mediated mechanism. Furthermore, Th1-type CCR5(+) cells are prone to cell suicide in an autocrine or paracrine way, as attested by enhanced expression of CD95L in acute VL patients. The reduction in Th1-type cells by apoptosis was confirmed by the decrease in interferon-gamma secretion. In conclusion, apoptosis of monocytes, CD4(+) and CD4(+) CCR5(+) T cells could be involved in the failure of cell mediated immunity that is responsible for severe immune-depression in VL. |
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Keywords: | CD4+ CCR5+ CD4+ CCR3+ monocytes apoptosis leishmaniasis |
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