建立对生药进行准确鉴定和全面质量评价的二元条形码系统

由于很多常用生药来源繁多，导致市场上品种混乱，药材质量参差，需要准确、快速、可靠的鉴定与质量评价体系。本文提出建立生药鉴定与质量评价的二元条形码系统的解决方法，即基于小片段基因序列的DNA条形码和基于代谢谱的化学条形码数据库：分子条形码可准确鉴定物种基原，化学条形码可弥补其在质量评价方面的欠缺；待检测生药分别提取分子条形码和化学条形码，输入数据库进行数据处理，即可获得其准确的基原、产地、质量等全面信息。按DNA条形码技术规程采集植物标本和生药样品；测定matK、trnH-psbA、ITS等序列，确定适合作为条形码的区域，在BOLD平台建立DNA条形码数据库；以UPLC-MS检测样品的代谢谱，建立可用MZmine或CASE等程序进行分析的化学条形码数据库。二元条形码系统可望为生药的准确鉴定与全面质量评价提供新途径，并可用于探讨植物间的亲缘关系及系统发育。

Establish a Binary Barcode System for Accurate Identification of Crude Drugs and Associated Quality Control

Most of the commonly used crude drugs have their own origins, which could cause confusions and untold quality in the marketplace. In this context, an accurate, rapid, and reliable identification and quality control system is urgently needed. Authors proposed in this paper to establish a binary barcode system, or a database containing DNA barcodes based on gene fragments, and chemical barcodes based on metabolic profiling, in an attempt to identify and evaluate crude drugs in an accurate manner. DNA barcodes can be used to accurately identify the species, while chemical barcodes sort out the defects of DNA barcodes for quality control. People get DNA and chemical barcodes from the samples of crude drug, and put them into a binary barcode system for needed information about the samples, including origin, producing area, quality among others. Plant specimen and crude drug samples shall be collected in line with DNA barcoding criteria, and then tested for their genes and fragments, such as matK, trnH-psbA. They should be sequenced to sit in the right region of barcodes. DNA barcode database shall be built on the platform of BOLD system. At the same time, the metabolic profiles of crude drug samples shall be determined to establish a chemical barcode database that can be analyzed using the programs such as MZmine, or CASE. Finally, the feasibility and reliability of the binary barcode system would be validated using blind trial method. Once accomplished, the system would provide us a new means for crude drug identification and quality control, allowing us to have a better understanding of the consanguinity and phylogenetic development of medicinal plants.