广东中药材生产的规范化、产业化建设

广东中药材生产具有优越的自然条件和地理位置,中药资源种类多、蕴藏量大,目前中药材种植面积已达80多万亩,“十五”期间将发展到100万亩,是华南地区最大的商品药材集散地之一;特产“广药”、“南药”驰名国内外。省内建立了阳春砂、巴戟天、广佛手、广藿香、穿心莲、高良姜、化橘红、溪黄草、山银花、五爪龙等10种药材规范化种植研究基地,开展了种植地的环境质量检测、物种鉴定和优良品种繁育、种植与管理、病虫害防治、采收与初加工、农药残留和有害重金属限量的检测等内容的研究。同时,中药材规范化、产业化建设是广东省建设“国家中药现代化科技产业（广东）基地”的重要内容,目前已在德庆县、广州、化州等地建立了GAP产业化基地;并实施了多种中药材GAP产业化的模式。通过建设中药材GAP产业化基地,能优化当地经济结构,将资源优势转变为科技和产业优势;促进企业的发展和产品升级;更有利于保护天然资源,使中药资源得到可持续利用。

Construction of Standardization and Industrialization in Production of Chinese Medicinal Materials in Guangdong Province of China

Guangdong province of China enjoys favorable natural conditions and the superiority of geographic position in the development of Chinese Medicinal Crops. With its vast varieties and abundant resources of Medicinal crops, the province has become one of the largest commercial centres of Chinese medicinal materials in south China, where the cultivated area of medicinal crops has surpassed at present 0.8 million mu of land, and will be increased to 1 million mu during the period of the Tenth Five-Year Plan. The special local herbal medicines "GuangYao" and "NanYao" are well-known in China and abroad. In the province, bases for standardized cultivation and studies of more than 10 varieties of medicinal crops, such as Fructus Amomi,Radis Morindae Officinalis, Fructus Citri sarcodactylis,Herba Pogostemonis,Herba Andrographitis, Rhizoma Alpiniae officinarum, Exocarpium Citri Grandis, Herba Rabdosianis, Herba Lonicerais, Radis Ficus Hirta, have been established and studies on the inspection of the environmental quality of plantations, the identification of species and the breeding of improved varieties, the technology of cultivation and management, the prevention and control of plant diseases and insect pests, the collection and primary processing, the formulation of the quality standard of medicinal materials and the inspection of chemicalresidues and the quantity limit of harm heavy metals in medicinal herbs have been carried out. At the same time, the standardization and industrialization of Chinese medicinal herbs is an important part of the National Bases of Scientific and Technologic Industries in the Modernization of TCM, which the province should do. Recently GAP bases for the industrialization of Chinese medicinal crops at Deqing county, for Herba Pogestemonis in Guangzhou, and for Exocarpium Citri Grandis at Huazhou of the province have been set up and different models of GAP industrialization of various Chinese medicinal materials have been implemented. By developing such GAP bases local economical structure can be optimized and the superiority of resources can be trasformed into scientific and industrial superiority, the development of enterprises and the upgrade of their products be promoted and the natural resources be protected still better so as to make better use of the resource of Chinese medicinal materials sustainably.