中学生吸烟影响因素及控制对策

目的探讨中学生吸烟行为及相关影响因素，为制定中学生控烟对策提供依据。方法对沈阳市21所中学，1855名中学生进行问卷调查，收集到有效问卷为1831，统计分析采用SPSS11．5软件。结果中学生尝试吸烟率为26．7％（男生35．6％，女生18．2％）。调查前1个月吸烟率6．3％（男生10．7％，女生2．0％）。开始吸第1支烟的平均年龄（13．4±2．9）岁，其中男生（13．3±2．9）岁，女生（13．5±3．1）岁。吸烟的相关因素，男生为周围人吸烟、好朋友吸烟、学校类别、认为拒绝别人递的烟不礼貌等因素。女生为家庭收入、好朋友吸烟等因素。结论沈阳市中学生吸烟率较高，开始吸烟年龄也较低，应引起社会各界的高度重视，通过动员社会、学校力量，采取加大禁烟力度，城市立法，严禁向未满18岁青少年售烟等综合措施降低中学生吸烟率。

Influential Factors and Control Strategy on Smoking Behaviors among Students

Objective To study the influential factors on smoking behaviors among middle school students of Shenyang eity, and to provide basis for presentation of models for tobacco prevention and control in middle school students. Methods With stratified cluster sampling method, 21 schools, 1 855 middle and high school students were chosen. 1 831 eligible questionnaires were collected and analyzed with SPSS 11.5. Results The rate of attempting smoking was 26. 6% （ male 35.6% , female 18.2% ）. The past - month smoking rate was 6. 3% （ male 10. 7% , female 2.0% ）. Age of first smoking was （13.4 ± 2. 9 ） years for all students, and was （13.3 ± 2.9 ） years for male, （13.5 ± 3.1 ） years for female. The influencing factor＇s of smoking in males were surrounding people smoking, friends smoking, school types, thinking it＇s impolite to refuse other＇s cigarettes, and in females were family income, friends smoking. Conclusion The smoking rate in middle school students was high. The age of attempting smoking was low. Creat attention should be paid by the families, schools and the society. To reduce smoking rate of middle school students, strategies should be adopted, such as smoking ban, forbidding selling cigarettes to adolescents under 18 years and so on.