中心静脉导管在胸腔积液治疗中的应用300例分析

目的：比较中心静脉导管行胸穿术与传统的胸穿针行胸穿术的疗效及安全性，为基层医院推广采用中心静脉导管取代传统胸穿针进行胸穿术治疗胸腔积液提供依据。方法：选取2010年3月－2013年3月在本院收治的300例胸腔积液患者，按照随机数字表法将其分为治疗组和对照组各150例，治疗组采用单腔中心静脉导管行胸穿术；对照组采用传统胸穿包的胸穿针行胸穿术。观察比较两组患者穿刺时间、气胸发生率、伤口感染率、住院期间穿刺次数、单次抽液成功率及结核性胸腔积液住院费用之间的差异。结果：两组患者的穿刺时间和伤口感染率比较差异均无统计学意义（P＞0.05）。但治疗组的气胸发生率和住院期间穿刺次数均明显少于对照组，差异均有统计学意义（P＜0.05）。且治疗组的单次抽液成功率明显高于对照组，结核性胸腔积液患者住院费用明显少于对照组，差异均有统计学意义（P＜0.05）。结论：中心静脉导管行胸腔穿刺抽液治疗可减少气胸发生率，减少抽液次数，单次成功率高，住院费用低，值得在基层医院推广应用。

Analysis of Applying of Central Venous Catheter in the Treatment of 300 Cases with Pleural Effusion

Objective：To compare the efficacy and safety of the central venous catheter and traditional transthoracic needle in the thoracic puncture treatment of patients with pleural effusion,and to provide the basis for the central venous catheter replacing traditional transthoracic needle in the treatment of patients with pleural effusion in primary hospital. Method：A total of 300 cases with pleural effusion in our hospital from March 2010 to March 2013 were randomly divided into the treatment group and the control group,150 cases in each group.The treatment group was given single lumen central venous catheter for thoracic puncture and the control group was given traditional thoracentesis package thoracic puncture needle for thoracic puncture.The differences of puncture time,incidence of pneumothorax,wound infection rate,hospitalization time of puncture,single liquid pumping success rate and tuberculous pleural effusion hospitalization expenses between the two groups were observed and compared.Result：The puncture time and wound infection rates of the two groups were compared,the differences were not statistically significant（P〉0.05）.But the incidence of pneumothorax and the number of hospitalization pleural puncture in the treatment group were significantly less than those in the control group,the differences were statistically significant（P〈0.05）.The single liquid pumping success rate of the treatment group was significantly higher than the control group,and hospitalization expenses of patients with tuberculous pleural effusions of the treatment group were significantly less than the control group,the differences were statistically significant（P〈0.05）.Conclusion：Central venous catheter pleural puncture and drainage treatment can reduce the incidence of pneumothorax,reduce fluid pumping frequency and single high success rate,as well as cost in hospital is low,and it is worthy of being popularized in primary hospital.